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- W2471517687 abstract "Certain neurotoxins and myotoxins from snake venoms have phospholipase A2 activity (phosphatide 2-acylhy- drolase, EC 3.1.1.4), which appears to be necessary for their toxicity. Several of these toxins inhibit the net uptake of Ca2+ into sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles and brain mitochondria. We have obtained evidence that the ability to inhibit this Ca2+ uptake is a mechanistically relevant correlate of the toxicity of these proteins rather than being just a nonspecific consequence of their phospholipase A2 activity. Two of the toxins, 3-bun- garotoxin and notexin, had 5% and 50%, respectively, of the phospholipase A2 activity of IVa phospholipase A2 (a nontoxic enzyme), but /3-bungarotoxin was as effective as IVa in inhib- iting Ca2+ uptake into brain mitochondria and notexin was more effective. Each of the myotoxic enzymes substantially inhibited Ca2+ uptake into sarcoplasmic reticulum, notexin being the most effective in this regard. This ability correlated better with their myotoxic potency than with their phospholi- pase A2 activity. 3-Bungarotoxin lost its toxicity but not its measurable phospholipase A2 activity after modification with ethoxyformic anhydride in the presence of dihexanoylphos- phatidylcholine. The modified toxin also lost most of its ability to inhibit Ca2+ uptake into sarcoplasmic reticulum and brain mitochondria. Sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles reconstituted from solubilized sarcoplasmic reticulum retained their sensi- tivity to notexin." @default.
- W2471517687 created "2016-07-22" @default.
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- W2471517687 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W2471517687 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2471517687 title "Mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reti neurotoxic and myotoxic phospholiI (f-bungarotoxin/notexin/Ca2+ transport)" @default.
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