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- W2471978787 abstract "Activation of the A<sub>3</sub> adenosine receptor (A<sub>3</sub>AR) contributes to the cardioprotective, bronchoconstrictive, and hypotensive effects of adenosine. Agonist occupation of the A<sub>3</sub>AR results in a rapid desensitization of receptor function, which is associated with the phosphorylation of the receptor protein by one or more members of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase family of protein kinases. Although we demonstrated previously that phosphorylation of the C-terminal 14 amino acids of the rat A<sub>3</sub>AR is crucial for rapid desensitization to occur, the identity of the critical phosphorylation sites has remained unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the simultaneous mutation of Thr<sup>307</sup>, Thr<sup>318</sup>, and Thr<sup>319</sup> to Ala residues dramatically reduces agonist-stimulated phosphorylation and rapid desensitization of the rat A<sub>3</sub>AR. Individual mutation of each residue demonstrated that Thr<sup>318</sup> and Thr<sup>319</sup> are the major sites of phosphorylation. Phosphorylation at Thr<sup>318</sup> appeared to be necessary to observe phosphorylation at Thr<sup>319</sup>, but not vice versa. However, the replacement of Thr<sup>318</sup> with a glutamate residue demonstrated that the simple addition of negative charge at position 318 was not sufficient to rescue phosphorylation at position 319. In addition, the mutation of two predicted palmitoylation-site cysteine residues proximal to the regulatory domain resulted in the appearance of an agonist-independent basal phosphorylation. Therefore, G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail of the A<sub>3</sub>AR in situ appears to follow a sequential mechanism, perhaps involving receptor depalmitoylation, with phosphorylation at Thr<sup>318</sup> being particularly important." @default.
- W2471978787 created "2016-07-22" @default.
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- W2471978787 date "2000-03-01" @default.
- W2471978787 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2471978787 title "Identification of Threonine Residues Controlling the Agonist-Dependent Phosphorylation and Desensitization of the Rat A<sub>3</sub>Adenosine Receptor" @default.
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- W2471978787 doi "https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.57.3.539" @default.
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