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• W2472951330 abstract "Recent work has focused on the relationship of nasal mediator release to the symptomatology and physiology of the early and late phase reactions. In the immediate reaction, histamine is released, which can cause some but not all symptoms of allergic rhinitis and cannot induce the LPR. Antihistamines, which bind competitively to histamine receptors, only partially relieve severe symptoms. Other mediators capable of cellular chemotaxis or of augmenting inflammation are also released preformed or are quickly synthesized from components present locally or after plasma influx secondary to increased capillary permeability. Both mast cells and basophils are believed to have a role in the immediate reaction, although mast cells probably play the larger part. Steroids, which have no effect on mast cells, do not prevent the immediate reaction, but cromolyn, a direct inhibitor of mast cell mediator release, does. The LPR may occur 4 to 6 hours after antigen challenge, with similar elevations of mediators being seen. Although the pathogenesis of nasal LPRs is not completely established, evidence suggests that the basophil may be responsible because basophils secrete histamine but not PGD2, and this is the composition of the nasal secretions during the LPR. Moreover, steroids inhibit basophil but not mast cell mediator release. Steroids are very effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, and, therefore, may exert their effects by inhibiting inflammatory cells ingress induced by mast cell mediators during the immediate reaction as well as inhibiting the late phase reaction by preventing basophil histamine release (and presumably, the propagation of the inflammatory response due to basophil mediator release). Although recent work has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis, further study and elaboration of the biochemical and cellular events that occur after both immediate and nasal allergic reactions will be crucial to the continued development of new treatment approaches for this very common disorder." @default.
• W2472951330 created "2016-07-22" @default.
• W2472951330 creator A5031055479 @default.
• W2472951330 creator A5046783477 @default.
• W2472951330 date "1987-04-01" @default.
• W2472951330 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2472951330 title "Inflammatory Mediators in Allergic Rhinitis" @default.
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• W2472951330 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8561(22)00451-9" @default.
• W2472951330 hasPublicationYear "1987" @default.
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