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- W247474416 endingPage "320" @default.
- W247474416 startingPage "289" @default.
- W247474416 abstract "Nested within the hypothalamus, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) represent a central biological clock that regulates daily and circadian (i.e., close to 24 h) rhythms in mammals. Besides the SCN, a number of peripheral oscillators throughout the body control local rhythms and are usually kept in pace by the central clock. In order to represent an adaptive value, circadian rhythms must be entrained by environmental signals or zeitgebers, the main one being the daily light–dark (LD) cycle. The SCN adopt a stable phase relationship with the LD cycle that, when challenged, results in abrupt or chronic changes in overt rhythms and, in turn, in physiological, behavioral, and metabolic variables. Changes in entrainment, both acute and chronic, may have severe consequences in human performance and pathological outcome. Indeed, animal models of desynchronization have become a useful tool to understand such changes and to evaluate potential treatments in human subjects. Here we review a number of alterations in circadian entrainment, including jet lag, social jet lag (i.e., desynchronization between body rhythms and normal time schedules), shift work, and exposure to nocturnal light, both in human subjects and in laboratory animals. Finally, we focus on the health consequences related to circadian/entrainment disorders and propose a number of approaches for the management of circadian desynchronization." @default.
- W247474416 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W247474416 creator A5016273149 @default.
- W247474416 creator A5023592185 @default.
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- W247474416 creator A5054209870 @default.
- W247474416 creator A5071821903 @default.
- W247474416 creator A5082692793 @default.
- W247474416 date "2014-09-24" @default.
- W247474416 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
- W247474416 title "Effects of Circadian Disruption on Physiology and Pathology: From Bench to Clinic (and Back)" @default.
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