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• W247551617 abstract "No, we do not want to catch up with anyone. But what we want is to walk in the company of man, every man, night and day, for all times. It is not a question of stringing the caravan out where groups are spaced so far apart they cannot see the one in front, and men who no longer recognize each other, meet less and less and talk to each other less and less. --Frantz Fanon (1) most significant thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part. --Pierre de Coubertin (2) Frantz Fanon, the vitriolic anti-colonialist who helped the Algerians wage war on France, would likely have categorized the 'humanist' Baron de Coubertin as a part of a which never stopped talking of man, which never stopped proclaiming its sole concern was man, [yet] we now know the price of suffering humanity has paid for every one of its spiritual victories. (3) Despite this, the preceding remarks of the two men espouse a certain universalism based on the conviction not only that intercultural contact and interaction is beneficial, but that it is beneficial whether or not the outcomes conform to prescribed rules about success. For the Baron, this meant that athletes of the world need not win gold medals in order to become Olympians. Similarly, for Fanon it meant that Third World countries need not attempt to 'catch up' to Europe to become developed, which he claimed was used as a pretext to brutalize man ... to break him, to kill him. (4) National Olympic Committee for Germany, or NOK as it is known in Germany, conducts numerous 'sport development' projects throughout the developing world every year. Though the NOK certainly does not seek to brutalize, break, or kill anyone, the modernization methodology currently favored in the execution of these projects is very aptly described as an attempt to help the Third World 'catch up,' as it were, to European, or western, standards. As Fanon and Baron de Coubertin have implied, truly empowering the poor and oppressed and inspiring the youth of the world will require a more collaborative, open-ended, and participatory process than the NOK is currently pursuing. More generally, the Olympic movement must also take measures to ensure the universal appeal of Olympism while cautiously avoiding imperialistic overtones. Development as Neocolonialism and the Ironic Foursome of 1961 Tunisia In 1961, Tunisia was unwittingly the spiritual host of an ironic foursome of intersecting personalities and ideologies. first figure is Frantz Fanon himself, who was in Tunisia in 1961 writing Wretched of the Earth (Les Damnes de la Terre) from which the aforementioned excerpts come. He was there supporting the newly won Tunisian independence and died before the year ended. year 1961 was also important for another figure in Tunisian independence and the second person in this foursome, Habib Bourguiba. Bourguiba, who had been fighting for independence since 1934 was Tunisia's first president and, in 1961 asked France to remove its troops from Bizerte, the final French base remaining on Tunisian soil. When the French refused, forces from both sides clashed and, although it took more than two years to accomplish and caused economic loss to Tunisia, Bourguiba emerged as having gained in prestige. (5) For Bourgiba, 1961 was also special thanks to the third and fourth figures in this foursome who facilitated, directly and indirectly, a significant improvement in his favorite soccer club. In Wretched of the Earth, Fanon mentions the third personality, the contemporary chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer. Fanon argued that Nazism transformed the whole of Europe into a genuine colony, (6) and that the defeat and exodus of German military from European nations constituted a type of colonial pullout. The governments of various European nations, he continued, demanded reparations and the restitution in money and kind for their stolen treasures. …" @default.
• W247551617 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W247551617 date "2006-10-01" @default.
• W247551617 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W247551617 title "Avoiding Olympic Imperialism: Shedding Trickle-Down Olymponomics: In Favor of 'All Sports for All People'" @default.
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