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• W2479604476 abstract "Body image can be influenced by society’s promotion of the ideal body. The perceived inability to match these idealized physiques can result in several mental health complications such as low self-esteem, depression, eating disorders, and muscle dysmorphia. Previous research has shown that aerobic training (AT) can positively affect body image, but studies have predominately focused on women and those with a desire to be thin. As the promotion of the ideal body has started to shift away from being thin and moved toward being toned and muscular, interventions using resistance training (RT) may offer a unique advantage for those with poor body image. PURPOSE: To conduct a systematic review of the effects of RT on body image. METHODS: A search of electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals before November 2015 was conducted. To be included, studies needed to be in written English, used some form of RT as the mode of exercise (i.e., resistance bands, body-weight, weights), and have a body image measure as a dependent variable that was assessed before and after a RT intervention. Combinations of the following key words were used for the search: body image, body satisfaction, resistance exercise, and strength training. Reference lists of included studies were also scanned. RESULTS: A total of 238 studies were identified, 19 of which were included in the final analysis. Reported effect sizes (ES) ranged from .29 to 1.35 (Cohen’s d) indicating a moderate to large effect of RT on body image. Effects were larger for men (ES=.83) than women (ES=.45); however, the factors moderating these effects were unclear. There were also conflicting results as to whether perceived changes (perceived fat loss, perceived muscle gain) were more impactful than objective changes (changes in strength, endurance). CONCLUSION: We found RT interventions to have a strong positive effect on body image for both men and women, with larger effects for men. Results suggest that RT may be a potential treatment for poor body image; however, further examination is needed. Future studies should target the mechanisms of action supporting the relationship between RT and body image." @default.
• W2479604476 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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• W2479604476 date "2016-05-01" @default.
• W2479604476 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2479604476 title "A Systematic Review of the Effects of Resistance Training on Body Image" @default.
• W2479604476 doi "https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487081.64043.ab" @default.
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