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• W2480349329 abstract "Background and aims Previous experiments suggest that both increased endothelial cell apoptosis and endothelial surface glycocalyx shedding could play a role in the endothelial dysfunction and inflammation of athero-prone regions of the vasculature. We sought to elucidate the possibly synergistic mechanisms by which endothelial cell apoptosis and glycocalyx shedding promote atherogenesis. Methods 4- to 6-week old male C57Bl/6 apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice were fed a Western diet for 10 weeks and developed plaques in their brachiocephalic arteries. Results Glycocalyx coverage and thickness were significantly reduced over the plaque region compared to the non-plaque region (coverage plaque: 71 ± 23%, non-plaque: 97 ± 3%, p = 0.02; thickness plaque: 0.85 ± 0.15 μm, non-plaque: 1.2 ± 0.21 μm, p = 0.006). Values in the non-plaque region were not different from those found in wild type mice fed a normal diet (coverage WT: 92 ± 3%, p = 0.7 vs. non-plaque ApoE−/−, thickness WT: 1.1 ± 0.06 μm, p = 0.2 vs. non-plaque ApoE−/−). Endothelial cell apoptosis was significantly increased in ApoE−/− mice compared to wild type mice (ApoE−/−:64.3 ± 33.0, WT: 1.1 ± 0.5 TUNEL-pos/cm, p = 2 × 10−7). The number of apoptotic endothelial cells per unit length was 2 times higher in the plaque region than in the non-plaque region of the same vessel (p = 3 × 10−5). Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 co-localized with glycocalyx shedding and plaque buildup. Conclusions Our results suggest that, in concert with endothelial apoptosis that increases lipid permeability, glycocalyx shedding initiated by inflammation facilitates monocyte adhesion and macrophage infiltration that promote lipid retention and the development of atherosclerotic plaques." @default.
• W2480349329 created "2016-08-23" @default.
• W2480349329 creator A5012970632 @default.
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• W2480349329 date "2016-09-01" @default.
• W2480349329 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2480349329 title "Endothelial glycocalyx, apoptosis and inflammation in an atherosclerotic mouse model" @default.
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• W2480349329 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.930" @default.
• W2480349329 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5035621" @default.
• W2480349329 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27529818" @default.
• W2480349329 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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