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- W2483411819 abstract "The evolution of genome architecture – the dimensions and organization of an organism's hereditary material – is poorly understood. There are clear differences in genome architecture over organisms, and it is clear that this complexity can be altered on relatively short time scales. Here, three specific processes of the evolution of genome architecture in viruses are studied: (i) the reshuffling of existing elements, (ii) the decrease of genome complexity through loss of redundant or unnecessary genetic material, (iii) and the increase of genome complexity through the acquisition of new genes. These topics were addressed in vivo using Tobacco etch virus, a plant RNA virus, as a model organism. Important changes in the viral genome were generated – from changes in gene order, to duplications of existing genes, to the introduction of exogenous sequences – followed by experimental evolution to observe how these changes were accommodated. The evolved and ancestral lineages were compared by next-generation sequencing and measurements of virulence, viral accumulation and within-host competitive fitness. First, we identified multiple barriers to the evolution of alternative gene orders. Second, we observed differences in the deletion dynamics of genetically and functionally redundant sequences and we developed a model to predict the stability of gene insertions. Third, we found an exogenous sequence that was evolutionary stable in the Tobacco etch virus genome that does not appear to affect viral fitness and can act as a backup in case of failure of the viral host defense mechanism. Lastly, we observed that a host species jump can be a game changer for evolutionary dynamics, allowing unstable viruses to be competitive in alternative hosts." @default.
- W2483411819 created "2016-08-23" @default.
- W2483411819 creator A5062966075 @default.
- W2483411819 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W2483411819 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2483411819 title "Experimental evolution of genome architecture and complexity in an RNA virus" @default.
- W2483411819 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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