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- W2485245374 abstract "The myriad ways in which religious and ethnic identities interact with state formation in the MENA have been amply demonstrated throughout the history of the region, and in some spectacular ways during the last two years since the eruption of the Arab Spring uprisings in 2011. With one exception (namely Turkey), MENA states have discreetly or explicitly employed some sort of religious or ethnic identity in the quest for legitimacy, notwithstanding the significant differences between the strategies they used. The Arab Spring has highlighted the fractured nature of MENA states and the fragility of their state foundations, as countries imploded (such as Libya) or violently unraveled (such as Syria), or lost whatever little cohesion they might have had (such as Yemen), or saw religion dominating new political systems (with Islamists making dramatic gains in Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Jordan, and, to a lesser extent, Libya), or religion polarizing societies and splitting institutions (as is the case with Bahrain and Syria). This is all in stark contradiction to the initial promise of the Arab Spring of a different order. Indeed, instead of ushering in a new era with some sort of a secular or liberal alternative to the traditional rule of oppressive elites and regimes of military or strongman dictatorships, the Arab uprisings seem to throw the region back into the formative prestate conditions when such identities were the norm in MENA societies that had not yet evolved into recognizable political entities." @default.
- W2485245374 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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- W2485245374 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W2485245374 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2485245374 title "State Formation, Religion, and Ethnicity in the Middle East and North Africa: An Overview" @default.
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- W2485245374 doi "https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137369604_2" @default.
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