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• W2488467314 abstract "Publisher Summary The chapter focuses on prominent, overt effects elicited by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in the central nervous system (CNS). Issues concerning central effects of anti-ChEs stimulated by research on Gulf War illnesses (i.e., the neurotoxicity of the prophylactic drug pyridostigmine and the potential for chronic effects following low-level anti-ChE exposures) are also reviewed. To appreciate the possible spectrum of effects of anti-ChEs because of disruption of acetylcholine (ACh) breakdown in the CNS, a review of the distribution of cholinergic neurons and pathways is important. Organophosphorus (OP) and carbamate (CM) insecticides can elicit profound alterations in CNS function by inhibiting AChE. With severe, lethal intoxications, the most important central action of many AChE inhibitors is respiratory depression. Neurobehavioral alterations are also commonly seen following AChE inhibition in the CNS. Although the effects of the OP and CM insecticides are generally elicited through AChE inhibition, some have been shown to interact with other macromolecules in the CNS, which may modify cholinergic toxicity or affect other signaling pathways. A well-characterized neurotoxic consequence of exposure to some OP toxicants unrelated to AChE inhibition is OP-induced delayed neurotoxicity, associated with inhibition of the enzyme neuropathy target esterase. Disruption of adhesion, neurite outgrowth, and other cellular actions by anti-ChE potentially leading to neurodevelopmental toxicity has been reported by a number of laboratories." @default.
• W2488467314 created "2016-08-23" @default.
• W2488467314 creator A5041676888 @default.
• W2488467314 date "2006-01-01" @default.
• W2488467314 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2488467314 title "Central Nervous System Effects and Neurotoxicity" @default.
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