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- W2488586903 abstract "The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief overview of mammalian safety testing, as well as short-term testing protocols that can help determine whether a candidate microbial pest control agent (MPCA) is suitable for more detailed study. Mammalian safety screens are a subset of a larger grouping of tests that assess the effects of an MPCA on nontarget organisms (NTO) which include plants, fish, beneficial arthropods, birds, and mammals. Ultimately, NTO testing can be viewed as attempts to manipulate a candidate organism into doing something it would not do in nature, either by providing access to hosts outside its natural range or by varying both the dose and route of exposure in order to produce infection and/or mortality. Tests are conducted with the expectation that the infectivity and the majority of the toxicity tests will be negative, because of the specificity of entomopathogens to arthropods. While it is always possible to kill an animal if the dose is high enough, through suffocation, embolism, or blockage of the gastrointestinal tract, these results have little relevance to the real world and the test results must be judged in the context of the experimental protocol. An adverse outcome in any one screen may not be grounds for automatic rejection but further tests will probably be conducted to quantify the effect. The tests outlined in this chapter for the assessment of oral, dermal, pulmonary and intra-peritoneal toxicity are based on the registration requirements of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and guidelines published by the World Health Organization. These screens may serve as a starting point for the registration of an entomopathogen or a point of comparison for an existing protocol." @default.
- W2488586903 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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- W2488586903 date "2012-01-01" @default.
- W2488586903 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2488586903 title "Testing the pathogenicity and infectivity of entomopathogens to mammals" @default.
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- W2488586903 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-386899-2.00014-2" @default.
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