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• W2489055773 abstract "~Received 12 September 2003; accepted 15 December 2003; published 14 May 2004!Over the past decade a new family of optoelectronic devices has emerged whose performance isenhanced by placing the active device structure inside a Fabry–Perot resonant microcavity @P. E.Green, IEEE Spectrum 13 ~2002!#. The increased optical field allows photodetectors to be madethinner and therefore faster, while simultaneously increasing the quantum efficiency at the resonantwavelengths. We have demonstrated a variety of resonant cavity enhanced ~RCE! photodetectors incompound semiconductors @B. Yang, J. D. Schaub, S. M. Csutak, D. J. Rogers, and J. C. Campbell,IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 15, 745 ~2003!# and Si @M. K. Emsley, O. I. Dosunmu, and M. S.U¨nlu¨, IEEE J. Selected Topics Quantum Electron. 8, 948 ~2002!#, operating at opticalcommunication wavelengths ranging from 850 nm to 1550 nm. The focus of this article is on Siphotodetectors and arrays. High bandwidth short distance communications standards are beingdeveloped based on parallel optical interconnect fiber arrays to meet the needs of increasing datarates of interchip communication in modern computer architecture. To ensure that this standardbecomes an attractive option for computer systems, low cost components must be implemented onboth the transmitting and receiving end of the fibers. To meet this low cost requirement silicon basedreceiver circuits are the most viable option, however, high speed, high efficiency siliconphotodetectors present a technical challenge. Commercially reproducible silicon wafers with a highreflectance buried distributed Bragg reflector ~DBR! have been designed and fabricated @M. K.Emsley, O. I. Dosunmu, and M. S. U¨nlu¨, IEEE J. Selected Topics Quantum Electron. 8, 948 ~2002!#.The substrates consist of a two-period, 90% reflecting, DBR fabricated using a doublesilicon-on-insulator~SOI! process. Resonant-cavity-enhanced~RCE! Si photodetectors have beenfabricated with 40% quantum efficiency at 850 nm and a FWHM of 29 ps suitable for 10 Gbps datacommunications. Recently, 1312 photodetector arrays have been fabricated, packaged, and testedwith silicon based amplifiers to demonstrate the feasibility of a low cost solution for opticalinterconnects. © 2004 American Vacuum Society. @DOI: 10.1116/1.1647591#I. INTRODUCTIONOptical interconnects will impact the future of not onlythe telecommunications industry, but also the entire comput-ing industry. It may sound like a bold statement; the comput-ing industry has been getting along quite well for decades,but a simple look at the numbers will tell the story. Figure 1shows the growth in bandwidth for CPU’s in comparison tothe speed of the peripheral bus. It is clear that for the pasttwo decades a chasm has been opening between the two. Onecan consider the processing power of a computer to be in-herently serial in nature, combining input/output ~I/O! andCPU speeds. When I/O lags CPU speed by an order of mag-nitude, the computational throughput of the computer is nolonger determined by the CPU. In this situation, the CPUbecomes a commodity within computer architecture, whichis clearly something that major microprocessor manufactur-ers have strived to avoid for many years.The telecommunications industry has made huge invest-ments in the long-distance high bandwidth links that cancarry terabits of information, but fiber to the home remainselusive and many people still use dial-up modem access. Aninteresting point is that data can be sent 3000 miles acrossthe Atlantic Ocean in less time then it takes to go the 3 in.from the memory to the processor. Paul Green wrote in theDecember issue of IEEE Spectrum, ‘‘Both computers and thecommon carriers’ systems run at multiple tens of gigabits persecond. Dial-up modems carry, at best, 50 kb/s—nowherenear enough to support the innovative new services on whichthe future prosperity of both the telecom and computer in-dustries depends.’’" @default.
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• W2489055773 date "2003-01-01" @default.
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• W2489055773 title "High-speed Si Resonant Cavity Enhanced Photodetectors and Arrays" @default.
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