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- W2491004024 abstract "This chapter focuses on the history methodology, successes and failures, possible causes of failures, and applications of cloning of cattle. Cattle were the second mammalian species cloned by nuclear transplantation. The initial objective was multiplication of high-milk-performance dairy cattle by the transfer of totipotent embryonic cells from embryos expected to be of high performance, into enucleated bovine oocytes. As the efficiency of cloning has been low, only a few clones have been made for agricultural purposes. Thus, the major effort has been on the production of clones from cell lines genetically engineered to produce specific products of extremely high value in milk. These products for human use include pharmaceuticals, blood proteins, antigens for antibody production, and perhaps someday specialty foods or nutraceuticals through milk. The cloning of cattle began in 1986 with the introduction of embryonic cleavage-stage nuclear donor cells into enucleated metaphase II oocytes, resulting in pregnancy and birth. The ability to activate young bovine oocytes came about through the development of procedures that completely and continuously suppressed the activity of metaphase-promoting factor (MPF) and cytostatic factor (CSF), as compared to Ca2+ ionophores. Activation can also be achieved by inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide after an ionophore treatment, followed by incubation with cytochalasin B to prevent chromatin extrusion from the cell and thereby maintain a diploid state." @default.
- W2491004024 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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- W2491004024 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W2491004024 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2491004024 title "Cloning of Cattle" @default.
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- W2491004024 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012174597-4.50021-1" @default.
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