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- W2492276985 abstract "Publisher SummaryThe chapter explains the role of folate and vitamin B12 in blood. All cells of the blood originate from primitive stem cells, usually called “hematocytoblasts”; they are large cells that can differentiate to form polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, or erythrocytes. The erythrocytes are formed through a sequence of differentiations from proerythroblast and normoblast cells and it is in this sequence that the main abnormalities are seen in folate or vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiencies. In these conditions, the normoblasts are not formed from the erythroblasts but, instead, distinct large cells described as “megaloblasts” with diameter of 14–22 μm are produced. These undergo a series of changes in which the cells shrink to smaller diameter, then through stages described as “early megaloblasts,” “intermediate megaloblasts” and “late megaloblasts.” The term “macrocyte” refers to the large size of these cells, compared to the normal diameter of an erythrocyte. In pernicious anaemia, the disease caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, the red cell count in the circulation falls dramatically. In the adult, the active bone marrow forms 3.5–6% of the total body weight, about 1500–3000 g, or approximately the weight of the liver. Only half the marrow is normally functional, but enormous capacity for expansion exists so that, under stress, 6–7 times the normal physiological output of cells can be produced." @default.
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- W2492276985 date "1985-01-01" @default.
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- W2492276985 title "Blood: erythropoiesis—role of folate and vitamin B12" @default.
- W2492276985 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7236-0722-9.50028-6" @default.
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