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- W2493670399 abstract "Like many new religious groups of the central Middle Ages the Cistercians had origins in the late eleventh-century eremitical reformers who questioned the comfortable lives of those earlier monastic communities that had held lordship over villages, rights to tithes, churches and other revenues. Instead, these Cistercian reformers embraced a reputation for foundations ‘far from cities, castles and human habitation’. Taking literally such self-descriptions by the Order’s monks, earlier economic historians saw them as twelfth-century ‘pioneers’ whose clearing and draining of new lands led to an enormous acquisition of wealth derived from ‘bumper crops’ on ‘never-before cultivated lands’. More recent studies have shown that although many Cistercian abbeys became wealthy, they were not the pioneers once imagined. Cistercian wealth derived from providing meat, cheese and other animal products along with the usual agricultural products to neighbouring towns where they were sold free of tithes, tolls and market dues. Their pastoralism became famous especially in Britain, where they produced wool for export. Their attempts to revive the early simplicity of the Rule of Benedict included a reduced liturgical practice that allowed time for manual labour in the production of their own food and the gradual introduction of lay brothers and lay sisters as labourers." @default.
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- W2493670399 date "2012-11-22" @default.
- W2493670399 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2493670399 title "Agriculture and economies" @default.
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- W2493670399 doi "https://doi.org/10.1017/cco9780511735899.012" @default.
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