Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2495131745> ?p ?o ?g. }
Showing items 1 to 92 of
92
with 100 items per page.
- W2495131745 endingPage "244" @default.
- W2495131745 startingPage "177" @default.
- W2495131745 abstract "The pharmaceutical industry manufactures biological products, medicinal chemicals, botanical products, and the pharmaceutical products covered by Standard Industrial Classification Code Numbers 2831, 2833, and 2834, as well as other commodities. The industry is characterized by a diversity of products, processes, plant sizes, as well as wastewater quantity and quality. In fact, the pharmaceutical industry represents a range of industries with operations and processes as diverse as its products. Hence, it is almost impossible to describe a “typical” pharmaceutical effluent because of such diversity. The growth of pharmaceutical plants was greatly accelerated during World War II by the enormous demands of the armed forces for life-saving products. Manufacture of the new products, particularly the antibiotics that were developed during World War II and later periods, exacerbated the wastewater treatment problems resulting from this industry. Industrialization in the last few decades has given rise to the discharge of liquid, solid, and gaseous emissions into natural systems and consequent degradation of the environment [1]. This in turn has led to an increase in various kinds of diseases, which has necessitated the production of a wide array of pharmaceuticals in many countries. Wastewater treatment and disposal problems have also increased as a result. From 1999 to 2000, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted the first nationwide reconnaissance of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWC) in a network of 139 streams across 30 states. The study concluded that OWC were present in 80% of the streams sampled. The most frequently detected compounds were basically of pharmaceutical origin, that is, coprostanol (fecal steroid), cholesterol (plant and animal steroids), N,N-diethyltoluamide (insect repellant), caffeine (stimulant), and triclosan (antimicrobial disinfectant), and so on [2]." @default.
- W2495131745 created "2016-08-23" @default.
- W2495131745 creator A5006548156 @default.
- W2495131745 creator A5063352205 @default.
- W2495131745 creator A5066767346 @default.
- W2495131745 date "2005-10-31" @default.
- W2495131745 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W2495131745 title "Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastes" @default.
- W2495131745 cites W126431708 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W192066166 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W1968674191 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W1972160750 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W1983496747 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2001240847 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2004685623 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2006906960 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2037766564 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2039401388 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2043121521 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2051604186 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2065021995 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2076301855 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2091150642 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2144024498 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2410090387 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2570878743 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W640348830 @default.
- W2495131745 cites W2523219709 @default.
- W2495131745 doi "https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420037159-8" @default.
- W2495131745 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
- W2495131745 type Work @default.
- W2495131745 sameAs 2495131745 @default.
- W2495131745 citedByCount "18" @default.
- W2495131745 countsByYear W24951317452012 @default.
- W2495131745 countsByYear W24951317452013 @default.
- W2495131745 countsByYear W24951317452014 @default.
- W2495131745 countsByYear W24951317452015 @default.
- W2495131745 countsByYear W24951317452018 @default.
- W2495131745 countsByYear W24951317452021 @default.
- W2495131745 crossrefType "book-chapter" @default.
- W2495131745 hasAuthorship W2495131745A5006548156 @default.
- W2495131745 hasAuthorship W2495131745A5063352205 @default.
- W2495131745 hasAuthorship W2495131745A5066767346 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C127413603 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C144133560 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C147455438 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C150903083 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C2778938233 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C2779652045 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C39432304 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C41866144 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C548081761 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C57442070 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C60644358 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConcept C94061648 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C127413603 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C144133560 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C147455438 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C150903083 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C17744445 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C199539241 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C2778938233 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C2779652045 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C39432304 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C41866144 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C548081761 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C57442070 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C60644358 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C86803240 @default.
- W2495131745 hasConceptScore W2495131745C94061648 @default.
- W2495131745 hasLocation W24951317451 @default.
- W2495131745 hasOpenAccess W2495131745 @default.
- W2495131745 hasPrimaryLocation W24951317451 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W1548708565 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W179551982 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W2011945577 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W2335628496 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W2374021052 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W2765153054 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W2931838652 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W3007404728 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W4247330146 @default.
- W2495131745 hasRelatedWork W2525905914 @default.
- W2495131745 isParatext "false" @default.
- W2495131745 isRetracted "false" @default.
- W2495131745 magId "2495131745" @default.
- W2495131745 workType "book-chapter" @default.