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- W2495859154 abstract "Conventional clinical magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the modality of choice when examining the human central nervous system. Exquisite anatomical images are readily derived from the MR signal of the hydrogen nuclei of water molecules. However, although biology is critically dependent on an aqueous milieu, the complex interactions of metabolism that constitute life processes involve many molecules containing other elements such as carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, sodium, and potassium, all of which have MR signals. The slow development of clinical applications exploiting these other nuclei reflects the lower MR sensitivity and greater MR complexity of these elements and the lower concentrations of the metabolites made up from these elements compared to water protons. The high clinical relevance of the information that can be derived from these nuclei continues to drive the development of ultrahigh magnetic field scanners for human studies and acquisition strategies that can provide the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for quantification of pertinent parametric maps that have been termed bioscales. This chapter will describe the methodology that can be used to meet the clinical potential of bioscales developed for sodium (23Na) and oxygen (17O). The SNR challenge for quantification of phosphorus (31P) and potassium (39K) imaging has yet to be met, even at 9.4 T, in acceptable acquisition times and at spatial resolutions pertinent to the human brain." @default.
- W2495859154 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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- W2495859154 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W2495859154 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2495859154 title "Quantitative Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Sodium, Oxygen, Phosphorus and Potassium in the Human Brain" @default.
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- W2495859154 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-401688-0.00022-7" @default.
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