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- W2497477856 abstract "Commercial, political and military motives coincided and intermingled in Cromwell’s approach to the Russian ruler, Czar Alexis. The Russians had always been noted for an inherent xenophobia towards Europeans which broke out at times into acts of overt hostility, and the English merchants’ relative immunity from this since relations had been established between the two countries in the 1550s ceased with the execution of Charles I. As a demonstration of his displeasure after the act of regicide (egged on no doubt by certain of his advisers who disliked Protestants), the Czar had expelled the English merchants from Moscow and ended their right to travel around the country from their entrepôt at Archangel, thus placing their efforts to trade under severe disadvantages. In addition, he had decided against recognising the Common-wealth and by 1653 was one of the few European rulers to be still refusing to negotiate with England on terms of equality. He was supposed to be influenced by Royalist officers who had taken up residence at his Court as military advisers (principally to strengthen Russian forces for the war against Poland), although it is now clear that an alleged call by him for an anti-regicide conference to arrange an alliance against England is a Royalist forgery, which in any case was not in existence until later in the decade.1" @default.
- W2497477856 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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- W2497477856 date "1995-01-01" @default.
- W2497477856 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2497477856 title "Cromwell and Russia, 1653–8" @default.
- W2497477856 doi "https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230376830_15" @default.
- W2497477856 hasPublicationYear "1995" @default.
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