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- W2499442266 abstract "The same peculiar combination of fear and confidence which fostered the insistence on exemplary punishment also brought forth the Elizabethan Poor Laws. Serious structural problems had emerged in the English economy by 1580 and their perceived providential origin provoked a flood of governmental and ecclesiastical exhortations to charity by the rich and repentance among the poor.2 Because the debate over the causes of poverty turned on perceptions of human failings, the need for a discriminatory classification of the poor was all the greater. The age-old distinction between the deserving and the undeserving was therefore reinforced by sixteenth-century thinkers to whom it was axiomatic that the impotent and physically afflicted should be maintained. Their attitude to sturdy beggars was, however, complicated by an emerging awareness of distinctions among the idle, especially when the urban censuses of the 1570s and 1580 produced evidence of the labouring poor, those who were willing but unable to find work. By the late sixteenth century, therefore, a tripartite classification of the poor – the impotent, the thriftless, the labouring – had become orthodox. Remedies for poverty flowed directly from this understanding: an act of 1572 both established compulsory poor rates for the relief of the impotent, and stipulated severe punishments including whipping, boring in the ear and (in the case of recidivists) death for vagrants." @default.
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- W2499442266 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W2499442266 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2499442266 title "The Enforcement of Social Policy" @default.
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- W2499442266 doi "https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230288461_6" @default.
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