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- W2500047089 abstract "Abstract Investigation of heat transfer at supercritical pressures began as early as the 1930s with the study of free-convection heat transfer to fluids at the near-critical point. In the 1950s, the concept of using supercritical “steam” to increase the thermal efficiency of fossil-fired thermal power plants became an attractive option. The USA, the former USSR, Germany, and some other countries extensively studied supercritical heat transfer during the 1950s till the 1980s. The research was primarily focused around water-cooled circular-tube flow geometry. Currently, the use of supercritical “steam” in fossil-fired thermal power plants is the largest industrial application of fluids at supercritical pressures. Near the end of the 1950s and at the beginning of the 1960s, several studies were conducted to investigate the potential of using supercritical water as a coolant in nuclear reactors. However, these activities were abandoned for some time and regained momentum in 1990s. The primary objectives for using supercritical water as a coolant in nuclear reactors are (1) to increase the thermal efficiency of modern nuclear power plants, which is currently 30–36%, to approximately 45% or even higher; (2) to decrease the operational and capital costs by eliminating steam generators, steam separators, steam dryers, etc.; and (3) possible cogeneration of hydrogen through thermochemical cycles. In support of the development of supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor concepts, it is necessary to perform a heat-transfer analysis. As the first step in this process, heat transfer to supercritical water in bare vertical tubes can be investigated as a conservative approach (in general, heat transfer in fuel bundles will be enhanced with various types of appendages, i.e. grids, end plates, spacers, bearing pads, fins, ribs, etc.). A comparison of selected supercritical-water heat-transfer correlations has shown that their results may differ from one another by more than 200%. Based on these comparisons, it became evident that there is a need for a reliable, accurate, and wide-range supercritical-water heat-transfer correlation to be used. For this reason, the new Mokry et al. correlation was used in the presented analyses. The objective of this review is to assess the work performed concerning thermophysical properties and the associated heat transfer and pressure drop at supercritical pressures, based on examples of water and carbon dioxide." @default.
- W2500047089 created "2016-08-23" @default.
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- W2500047089 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W2500047089 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2500047089 title "Application of Supercritical Pressure in Power Engineering" @default.
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- W2500047089 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-62696-7.00011-3" @default.
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