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- W2504993208 abstract "Due to well established global warming concerns, technological attempts have been made to decrease reactive nitrogen (N) species emitted from the application of urea fertilizer to agricultural soils. This chapter summarizes previous work which investigates the mitigation potential for ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a potent greenhouse gas, from arable lands. Specifically, the studies examined urea granule size, depth of placement, and contribution of chemical inhibitors. Relatively large urea granule (referred to as Urea Super Granule, USG; ~10 mm) inhibited nitrification up to 7 weeks and reduced both NH3 and NOx emissions up to 94%, compared to normal urea size. Under cropped conditions, the USG point-placed at 7.5 cm depth showed similar N2O emissions as urea prills (0.20-0.21% of the N applied) but increased to 0.51% under relatively higher soil moisture conditions. Surface application of urease inhibitor (phosphoric acid diamide-amended urea) decreased NH3 volatilization up to 50%. Compared to surface application, a modified version of the inhibitor (substituted phosphoric acid triamide) mixed with the soil reduced N2O emissions by 47%. Nitrification inhibitor (Dicyanamide plus triazole) inhibited nitrification up to 5 weeks and reduced N2O emissions up to 60%. A combination of the urease and nitrification inhibitors has the potential to limit NH3 emissions and decrease N2O losses up to 52%. Both deeper placement of USG and the combination of urease and nitrification inhibitors can mitigate the urea-induced emissions of reactive gaseous N species substantially." @default.
- W2504993208 created "2016-08-23" @default.
- W2504993208 creator A5021243288 @default.
- W2504993208 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W2504993208 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2504993208 title "Physical and Chemical Manipulation of Urea Fertilizer To Limit the Emission of Reactive Nitrogen Species" @default.
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- W2504993208 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1072.ch009" @default.
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