Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2508512535> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2508512535 endingPage "392" @default.
- W2508512535 startingPage "373" @default.
- W2508512535 abstract "Abstract. We describe the University of Colorado mobile Solar Occultation Flux instrument (CU mobile SOF). The instrument consists of a digital mobile solar tracker that is coupled to a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) of 0.5 cm−1 resolution and a UV–visible spectrometer (UV–vis) of 0.55 nm resolution. The instrument is used to simultaneously measure the absorption of ammonia (NH3), ethane (C2H6) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) along the direct solar beam from a moving laboratory. These direct-sun observations provide high photon flux and enable measurements of vertical column densities (VCDs) with geometric air mass factors, high temporal resolution of 2 s and spatial resolution of 5–19 m. It is shown that the instrument line shape (ILS) of the FTS is independent of the azimuth and elevation angle pointing of the solar tracker. Further, collocated measurements next to a high-resolution FTS at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (HR-NCAR-FTS) show that the CU mobile SOF measurements of NH3 and C2H6 are precise and accurate; the VCD error at high signal to noise ratio is 2–7 %. During the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPE) from 21 July to 3 September 2014 in Colorado, the CU mobile SOF instrument measured median (minimum, maximum) VCDs of 4.3 (0.5, 45) × 1016 molecules cm−2 NH3, 0.30 (0.06, 2.23) × 1016 molecules cm−2 NO2 and 3.5 (1.5, 7.7) × 1016 molecules cm−2 C2H6. All gases were detected in larger 95 % of the spectra recorded in urban, semi-polluted rural and remote rural areas of the Colorado Front Range. We calculate structure functions based on VCDs, which describe the variability of a gas column over distance, and find the largest variability for NH3. The structure functions suggest that currently available satellites resolve about 10 % of the observed NH3 and NO2 VCD variability in the study area. We further quantify the trace gas emission fluxes of NH3 and C2H6 and production rates of NO2 from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) using the mass balance method, i.e., the closed-loop vector integral of the VCD times wind speed along the drive track. Excellent reproducibility is found for NH3 fluxes and also, to a lesser extent, NO2 production rates on 2 consecutive days; for C2H6 the fluxes are affected by variable upwind conditions. Average emission factors were 12.0 and 11.4 gNH3 h−1 head−1 at 30 °C for feedlots with a combined capacity for ∼ 54 000 cattle and a dairy farm of ∼ 7400 cattle; the pooled rate of 11.8 ± 2.0 gNH3 h−1 head−1 is compatible with the upper range of literature values. At this emission rate the NH3 source from cattle in Weld County, CO (535 766 cattle), could be underestimated by a factor of 2–10. CAFO soils are found to be a significant source of NOx. The NOx source accounts for ∼ 1.2 % of the N flux in NH3 and has the potential to add ∼ 10 % to the overall NOx emissions in Weld County and double the NOx source in remote areas. This potential of CAFO to influence ambient NOx concentrations on the regional scale is relevant because O3 formation is NOx sensitive in the Colorado Front Range. Emissions of NH3 and NOx are relevant for the photochemical O3 and secondary aerosol formation." @default.
- W2508512535 created "2016-09-16" @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5011460307 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5016733447 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5018521569 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5032676773 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5037307794 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5045057631 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5049763191 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5052513699 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5070892276 @default.
- W2508512535 creator A5082689496 @default.
- W2508512535 date "2017-02-01" @default.
- W2508512535 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2508512535 title "The CU mobile Solar Occultation Flux instrument: structure functions and emission rates of NH<sub>3</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>" @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1561878391 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1763778984 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1835210222 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1881699104 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1907520671 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1969844577 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1979971395 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1980552928 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1985154229 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W1994889993 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2002613138 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2019827522 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2029447522 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2030561313 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2032797598 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2035527029 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2035745014 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2038797134 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2044800099 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2046853523 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2047493008 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2070253755 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2072944849 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2079778999 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2084111721 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2086515846 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2097125434 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2102496775 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2103747864 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2104453141 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2106779803 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2108883829 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2119879246 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2125716170 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2125961783 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2126222557 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2126600709 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2131201919 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2133667986 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2134013743 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2141570452 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2143108104 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2145824827 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2146794976 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2151871162 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2156033499 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2161118091 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2162159279 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2163149192 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2169262944 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2169734324 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2281617049 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2285532094 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2289826441 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2299944811 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2313271334 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2415343532 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W2498401753 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W4205182410 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W4211058530 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W4248585382 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W4300340342 @default.
- W2508512535 cites W889183138 @default.
- W2508512535 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-373-2017" @default.
- W2508512535 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
- W2508512535 type Work @default.
- W2508512535 sameAs 2508512535 @default.
- W2508512535 citedByCount "20" @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352017 @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352018 @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352019 @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352020 @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352021 @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352022 @default.
- W2508512535 countsByYear W25085125352023 @default.
- W2508512535 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5011460307 @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5016733447 @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5018521569 @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5032676773 @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5037307794 @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5045057631 @default.
- W2508512535 hasAuthorship W2508512535A5049763191 @default.