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• W250889566 abstract "When British Columbia entered Confederation in 1871, First Nations people (referred to then and in Newell's book as Indians) constituted a majority, yet were not consulted in negotiating terms of union. Nowhere in process of confederation were institutions, governments and economies of First Nations given serious consideration as founding principles of new Dominion. The Fathers of Confederation thought that, with implementation of a paternalistic Indian Act, Aboriginal people would eventually disappear or assimilate. They were wrong. The legacy of First Nations exclusion is very much a part of Canada's fundamental character today. Belatedly, 1982 Constitution Act entrenched (but did not define) existing aboriginal and treaty (p. 9), many of which had by then been substantially eroded by more than a century of federal and provincial regulations through which governments extended their exercise of complete dominion. The books under review discuss complex history of Aboriginal peoples' relations to law and public policy. Both make it clear that Aboriginal rights will only become a reality through continued and determined efforts of First Nations themselves. Both explore roles of academics (in particular, historians and anthropologists) as stewards of information relevant to process. Newell's book is a sharply focussed account of how Canadian institutions transformed an Aboriginally managed fishery into one managed for benefit of industrial special interests. Dyck and Waldram have assembled a collection of papers by people directly involved in the land question, as it has been studied by anthropologists and come before courts. Tangled Webs is a powerful and richly documented history of fishing on west coast of Canada. Newell's comparison of Aboriginal fishery management to that of Canadian government reveals key differences between a system that evolved with resource and one that has been suddenly imposed upon it. The perspective she develops is distinctively anthropological. Aboriginal people, she points out, evolved energy-efficient and sustainable techniques for taking and distributing anadromous fish from inland locations. Their social relations of production and are unlike either individual private property systems or common property that underlies philosophy of government regulation. The Canadian government, by contrast, has encouraged a more and more costly technology in pursuit of a diminishing and ultimately endangered resource. Government policies and regulations of fisheries resource, Newell says, usually are responses to pressure from industry to reduce competition and frequently are not in best interests of other user groups (p. 6). Aboriginal groups, in contrast, developed highly successful fishing and fish preservation technologies and regionally based systems of resource management and distribution (p. …" @default.
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• W250889566 date "1994-01-01" @default.
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• W250889566 title "Tangled Webs of History: Indians and the Law in Canada's Pacific Coast Fisheries" @default.
• W250889566 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/25605760" @default.
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