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• W2513124588 abstract "r: One thousand nineteen Wyoming ground squirrels (Spermophilus elegans elegans) from 4 populations in southern Wyoming were examined for intestinal parasites. The most prevalent parasites were 6 species of coccidia: Eimeria beecheyi, Eimeria bilamellata, Eimeria callospermophili, Eimeria larimerensis, Eimeria morainensis, and Eimeria spermophili. Most ground squirrels harbored 2 or more species. This eimerian assemblage was present across populations and over years. Differences in the prevalence of infection were not found among host age classes or between sexes. The presence or absence of helminths was independent of the presence and absence of Eimeria. A log-linear model to test the independence of the distribution of Eimeria spp. among hosts revealed 3 significant positive associations, for E. bilamellata and E. beecheyi, E. morainensis and E. callospermophili, and E. larimerensis and E. bilamellata. Toft (1986) suggested that microparasites (e.g., protozoa, bacteria) as opposed to macroparasites (e.g., helminths) are more likely to occur as shortlived infections and produce long-lasting immunity in the host, which results in oscillations of infection frequency within the host population. Microparasites tend to be epidemic and macroparasites endemic. The forces structuring parasite communities are still generally not well understood and different types of parasite communities or assemblages may be structured in very different ways. We report here on the structure of an assemblage of protozoan species within the intestine of the Wyoming ground squirrel (Spermophilus elegans elegans Kennicott). A preliminary sampling of intestinal parasites in Wyoming ground squirrels revealed 4 species of helminths present in low frequencies (Shults and Stanton, 1987), but the most prevalent parasites were 6 species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875. Several other investigators have reported on species of parasites in ground squirrels (see Levine and Ivens, 1990), but to our knowledge only Ball and Lewis (1984) have examined prevalence of Eimeria as a function of host age and sex in large samples of wild rodents. Based upon preliminary sampling, we formulated the following hypotheses: H 1: The parasite community is stable. We define stability by presence of component eimerian species across host populations through time. H2: Squirrels in relatively mesic habitats have a higher prevalence of infection than do those in xeric habitats. Oocyst survivorship is expected to be hi her where more dense vegetation cover may offer some protection from high temperature , UV radiation, and desiccation. For example, Ford et al. (1990) reported that prevalence of Eimeria was higher in heteromyid rodents inhabiting more mesic grasslands than in those species confined to deserts. H3: Hosts in relatively mesic habitats have a higher parasite richness than do those in xeric habitats. For the same reasons as in H2, increased oocyst survivorship should increase the number 2-6-species infections. H4: Adults and juveniles differ in the prevalence of infection. If immunity is acquired, adults should have a lower prevalence of infection, as Ball and Lewis (1984) found in 1 species of Brit-" @default.
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• W2513124588 date "1992-01-01" @default.
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• W2513124588 title "COCCIDIAN ASSEMBLAGES IN THE WYOMING GROUND SQUIRREL" @default.
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