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• W2516986064 abstract "The present study deals with a total of 47 new records of black mildew fungi belonging to Meliolaceous, Asterinaceous, Schiffnerulaceous and fungi from Parodiopsidaceae groups, collected on different phanerogamic host plants from Mahabaleshwar and its surrounding areas of Satara district, Maharashtra state, India. Among these, Meliola litseae classified under family Meliolaceae (Meliolales) is found to be new record to the fungi of India and hence reported here for the first time from India. However, remaining 46 taxa are reported for the first time from the Maharashtra state. Key-Words: Black mildew, Fungi, Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra, Western Ghats. -------------------------------------------------IJLSSR----------------------------------------------INTRODUCTION The black mildew fungi are very specialized in their structures and habitat. These are inconspicuous, mostly foliicolous, superficial, obligate parasites, host specific and characterized by appressoriate filamentous mycelium forming black colonies on the surface of living leaves, with generally tropical distribution. These are mainly from four groups’ viz. Meliolaceous (characterized by strictly two celled appressoria, presence or absence of mycelial setae and consistent two to four septate ascospores), Asterinaceous (characterized by having shield-shaped thyriothecia, splitting radially like a star or stellately or by longitudinal dehiscence and uniseptate ascospores), Schiffnerulaceous (well-known to show the connection between teleomorph and synanamorphs) and fungi from Parodiopsidaceae (characterized by presence of globose perithecium, dehiscing by irregular ostiole, consistently uniseptate ascospores) [1-4]. India has been the cradle for black mildew fungi and about 1159 taxa of black mildews are known from India [1-16]. Access this article online Quick Response Code: Website: www.ijlssr.com DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.5.8 Some of the researchers contributed certain number of these fungi from Maharashtra state [10-27]. Hence, this group of fungi attract the attention for extensive exploration and investigation from Maharashtra state. During the exploration of black mildew fungi from Mahabaleshwar and its surrounding areas, one species of genus Meliola namely, M. litseae Syd. on Litsea josephii S. M. Almeida, is found to be new addition to the fungi of India and hence reported here for the first time from India on hitherto unreported host. However, 46 taxa (19 taxa of Meliolaceous; 20 taxa of Asterinaceous; 6 taxa of Schiffnerulaceous and 1 species of fungi from Parodiopsidaceae) are reported here for the first time from the Maharashtra state. The detail morphological description, colour photomicrographs and discussion is provided here only for species new to India, and the taxa newly recorded to Maharashtra state are only listed in study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The black mildews infected plant parts were collected from study area during winter (2012–2014) and brought to the laboratory of Dept. of Botany, Krishna Mahavidhyalaya, Shivnagar, Rethare (BK.), India. The host plants were identified using the regional flora [28]. The specimens were air-dried by gentle pressure in blotting papers and preserved in standard size herbarium packets. Both macro and micro-morphological characters are used for taxonomical studies of collected fungi. Microscopic preparations were made in lactophenol as well as in cotton Research Article (Open access) Int. J. Life. Sci. Scienti. Res., VOL 2, ISSUE 5 http://ijlssr.com Copyright © 2015-2016 International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research Page 560 blue and observed under compound light microscope. To observe mycelial branching and position of appressoria, a drop of peeling solution (Xylene-Thermocol solution) was applied on selected colonies, and after drying, the film was mounted directly again in the same solution [29]. Biometric data were based on at least 20 measurements of morphological structures. The fungal specimens were identified and their distributional records were checked by using standard literature [1-8, 30-33]. Photomicrographs of microscopic preparations are made under Leica DM2000 fluorescence microscope equipped with digital camera. Identified specimens are deposited in ‘Herbarium Cryptogamae Indiae Orientalis’ (HCIO), IARI, New Delhi (India) for easy access in future. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Taxonomy A) New record to India Meliola litseae Syd. Ann. Mycol. 15: 187. 1917; Hansf. Sydowia Beih. 2: 50, 1961 (Fig. 1). Colonies amphigenous, dark brown, circular to spreading, thin, confluent, up to 5 mm in diam. Hyphae dark brown, straight to substraight, branching opposite to alternate at wide angles, closely reticulate, wall thick, rough; cells 28–33 × 7–9 μm in size. Appressoria alternate, moderately placed, antrorse, straight, 24–32 × 10–16 μm; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, straight to curved, 5–9 × 7–9 μm; head cells oblong, clavate, rarely shallowly lobed, straight to curved, margin entire to crenulate, thick, 19–23 × 10–16 μm in size. Phialides mixed with appressoria, opposite to alternate, ampulliform, 19–30 × 7–9 μm in size. Mycelial setae simple, straight to slightly bent, sparsely scattered, aggregated around perithecia, sharply pointed to acute at the tip, up to 645 μm long. Perithecia globose, scattered to grouped at center of colony, verrucose, up to 203 μm in diam. Ascospores oblong to cylindrical, dark brown, 4-septate, constricted at the septa, tapering to rounded at both ends, 40–51 × 14–19 μm. Specimen examined: On living leaves of Litsea josephii S. M. Almeida (Lauraceae), Gureghar, 17°55’19.2”N, 73°44’22.7”E, elev. 1284 m, 19.10.2012, Bhise M.R., HCIO 51685; HCIO 51684. Distribution: Formosa, India (Maharashtra), Java," @default.
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• W2516986064 title "Some New Records of Black Mildew Fungi from Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra State, India" @default.
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