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- W2517009791 abstract "Superconductors are characterized by the gap in their low-energy excitation spectrum.In unconventional superconductors, the gap often has nodes, that is, regions on the Fermi surface where it goes to zero. It is commonly believed that in the absence of disorder an external magnetic field, there are three possibilities: The gap is nodeless, it has point nodes, or it has line nodes. Here we show that for an even-parity nodal superconducting state which breaks time-reversal symmetry, the low-energy excitation spectrum generally does not belong to any of these categories; instead it has extended Fermi surfaces. These new Fermi surfaces can be visualized as the 2D surfaces generated by inflating point or line nodes into spheroids or tori, respectively. These inflated nodes are topologically protected by a $mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant, which we give in terms of a Pfaffian. We also show that, remarkably, superconducting states possessing these Fermi surfaces are typically ground state solutions. A crucial ingredient in our theory is that more than one band is involved in the pairing; since all candidate materials for even-parity superconductivity with broken time-reversal symmetry are multiband systems, we expect these $mathbb{Z}_2$-protected Fermi surfaces to be ubiquitous." @default.
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- W2517009791 date "2016-08-23" @default.
- W2517009791 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2517009791 title "Inflated nodes in superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry" @default.
- W2517009791 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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