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• W251884102 abstract "A program for treatment of compulsive gambling is presented. The participant in the study was a 27-year old teacher. Before the treatment started he spent about $3.700 a month and his debt because of gambling was 60 000 dollars. The procedure included different parts; self-recording, establishment of alternative and incompatible behavior, relapse prevention and restrictions in access to money. To ensure that it was not the prevention from the access to money that stopped the use of money spent on gambling, thus, a couple of days every month participant had access to a certain amount of money. After the start of the treatment he has not lost or spent any money on gambling for nearly two years. Keywords: compulsive gambling, treatment, self-recording, relapse prevention ********** A search in the PsycINFO database gave 1341 publications including search words as compulsive gambling or pathological gambling. Furthermore, over the past years there has been an enormous increase in gambling, particularly in the Western world, and mainly in games such as lottery, slot machines, scratch tickets, and sports betting (Ladouceur, 1996). Studies from the US have shown that 6.2% of visits to a general practitioner were brought on by compulsive gambling (Pasternak & Fleming, 1999). In addition, there has been a liberal attitude toward gambling in the sense that several different games have been legalized (Becona, 1996), and Norway has been one of the most liberal countries concerning slot machines, which have also proved to be the most dependence-producing game (Fekjar, 2001). The most used assessment tool for compulsive gambling is South Oaks Gambling Screen (Lesieur & Blume, 1987), which is a 20-question instrument for evaluating pathologic gambling in patients. Pathological gambling was officially recognized in 1980 with the publication of the DSM III and classified as an impulsive control disorder (Sylvain, Ladouceur, & Boisvert, 1997). One specific aspect of impulsiveness measured behaviorally is the inability to tolerate long delays to the reinforcer presentation, or preference for smaller immediate rewards over larger but more delayed rewards (Logue, 1995). Petry (2005) has used a continuum of gambling, that is, Level 0-3. Anyone characterized at Level 0 gambling have not gambled at all. Level 1 gambling is characterized by gambling which not make any significant problems, while both Level 2 and 3 results in significant problems for the individual gambler and his or her family. Labels often used for Level 2 gambling are such as at-risk gambling and problem gambling, and Level 3 gambling is called compulsive gambling. Anyone characterized as Level 3 gamblers do engage in gambling in a way that impedes daily functioning (for details see American Psychiatric Association, 1994). It is calculated that 84 to 92% of adults take part in different types of games (Volberg, 1994). Lately, pathological gambling has increased and the accompanying problems have been far-reaching (Freidenberg, Blanchard, Wulfert, & Malta, 2002). Actually, Petry (2005) points out there are only four studies which have studied the prevalence rate of compulsive gambling for the whole population of USA. Thus, in the US those prevalence studies have shown that 0.1-1.9 % are Level 3 gamblers and the lifetime percent is 0.8- 4.0%. For Level 2 gamblers it is from 0.4 to 3.6 % and the lifetime percent is varying from 1.3 to 7.5. It is important to note that the instrument uses in these studies differs and that one study is meta-analysis study (Shaffer, Hall, & Vander Bilt, 1999). In the meta-analysis of prevalence concluded that approximately 1.6% of US adults may be pathological gamblers, while 3.9% may be problematic gamblers, bringing the combined percentage of disordered gamblers to more than 5% (Shaffer et al., 1999). In the Canadian population the numbers are 0.8-1.7% for lifetime rates (Ladouceur, 1996). …" @default.
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• W251884102 date "2007-06-22" @default.
• W251884102 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W251884102 title "Treatment of Compulsive Gambling" @default.
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