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- W2520778001 abstract "The actin cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells is a dynamic network composed of proteins and small molecules. This network is essential for cell locomotion and adhesion, although it is unclear how the actin cytoskeleton produces the forces required for these processes. Because in vivo study of the actin cytoskeleton is complicated by its dynamic properties and the number of components involved, the study of actin structures requires new in vitro approaches. Recently the use of Listeria monocytogenes and polystyrene microspheres in cell extracts have allowed actin structures normally only found in cells to be reproduced in a controlled manner, and examined by physical methods. It has been found that the structure and characteristics of these actin networks can be predicted by models, and verified by experimentation. Two models in particular have come out of studies in vitro, and have contributed to our understanding of cellular actin dynamics. The first is a model of how symmetry breaking occurs to produce directional movement, a cellular process that is poorly understood. The second is a model of how an actin gel grows in spherical geometry, highlighting the importance of normal forces produced by reticulated actin gels. This model suggests a mechanism for directional movement, and provides a tool for evaluating the extent of cross-linking of an actin network. In this review we will describe in vitro systems that provide access to the actin cytoskeleton, and focus on the application of physical approaches to the study of cellular actin polymerization." @default.
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- W2520778001 date "2000-01-01" @default.
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- W2520778001 title "Dynamic cellular actin polymerization in vitro" @default.
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