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- W2521926423 abstract "Differential solar irradiation on opposing mountain sidewalls produces local temperaturegradients. Flows across the valley or basin develop due to the ensuinghorizontal pressure gradients, which are directed from the less irradiated and coldersidewall toward the more irradiated and warmer sidewall. These thermal flows areinvestigated for the small and almost circular basin of Arizona’s Meteor Crater usingobservations and numerical simulations. Observations from the Meteor Crater showa pronounced cross-basin flow in the center of the crater basin under undisturbedconditions, which develops as an easterly flow in the morning when the sun is tothe east and the west sidewall is more strongly irradiated, and which then shiftsto a southerly direction around noon and eventually to a westerly direction in theevening. The direction of the cross-basin flow agrees with the direction of the crossbasintemperature and pressure gradients as the sun moves across the sky during theday. Large-eddy simulations for an idealized, rotationally symmetric basin producea cross-basin circulation with a three-layer structure in the morning, that is, a nearsurfacesoutheasterly cross-basin flow topped by an opposing, northwesterly returnflow and a secondary southeasterly flow near or above the top of the basin. Based onan analysis of the horizontal momentum and the thermodynamic balance equations,a different formation mechanism is identified for each layer, with each of the formationmechanisms being related to asymmetric irradiation. Additional simulations arerun with a prescribed surface heat flux, which produces a spatially constant heat-fluxgradient, and with varying background wind speeds and directions for different basinsizes. Results indicate that persistent cross-basin flows develop only in basins that aresmaller than 5 km. Background winds induce a secondary circulation near the top ofthe basin, which interacts with the thermally driven circulation. The resulting windfield depends on the direction of the background winds with respect to the prescribedheat-flux gradient and on the stratification of the basin atmosphere." @default.
- W2521926423 created "2016-09-30" @default.
- W2521926423 creator A5022847889 @default.
- W2521926423 date "2012-01-01" @default.
- W2521926423 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2521926423 title "Observations and large-eddy simulations of the thermally driven cross-basin circulation in a small, closed basin" @default.
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- W2521926423 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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