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- W25252959 abstract "The scientific potential of embryonic stem (ES) cells was harnessed in 1981, when ES cells were first derived from mice, marking the birth of transgenic animal technology (1,2; Table 1). However, the concept of a pluripotent embryonic cell has its origins much earlier. ES cell development evolved from work on mouse teratocarcinomas, tumors that arise in the gonads of a few inbred strains. Classical work on teratocarcinomas established their origins from germ cells and provided the concept of a stem cell, then termed embryonal carcinoma cells or EC cells (130–132). The developmental capacity of EC cells became apparent following successful generation of chimeric mice by blastocyst injection of EC cells. The ability to prodice teratocarcinomas from ectopically transplanted blastocysts lead to the reasoning and demonstration the pluripotent cells could be derived directly from blastocysts (1,2). The transgenic revolution dramatically impacted on neurosciences in the 1990s with the development of ES cell technology for studies at the cellular level. Genetic flexibility is at the heart of this new technology: double-allele gene knockins and knockouts, with and without inducible promoter systems, are now readily carried out. Such genetic approaches provide powerful tools for exploring cultured neural cell systems, especially with advances in methods for deriving differentiated neural cells from ES cells in culture. Thus, ES cell-derived cultures can now reliably serve as replacements for primary culture systems. The ES cell system offers many additional advantages that are illustrated and discussed throughout this review." @default.
- W25252959 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W25252959 creator A5045430644 @default.
- W25252959 date "2001-08-09" @default.
- W25252959 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W25252959 title "ES Cells and Neurogenesis" @default.
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