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- W2526102017 abstract "1. The axial gradient and its changes during development were demonstrated in Phialidium from oöcyte to hydroid stage by differential susceptibility to various agents, differential reduction of KMnO4 and methylene blue and differential vital staining. Developmental stages of Gonothyræa and Stomotoca served as comparative material. The results of the different methods agree among themselves and with the observed facts of development.2. In Phialidium and Stomotoca the polarity of the oöcyte is indicated by a gradient with high end at the free pole, low end at the attached pole. This gradient is directly related as regards direction to the differential exposure of the oöcyte in the gonad and it is suggested that the polarity of the oöcyte is determined by this differential exposure.3. The high end of the oöcyte gradient becomes the apical pole of the egg at maturation and in early cleavage stages. During later cleavage a gradient is continuously present, but absence of landmarks makes complete demonstration of its identity with the gradient of earlier stages impossible, though there is no reason to doubt that it is the same. From the beginning of locomotion on the identity of the gradient is certain, the high end being the apical, the low end, the basal pole of the larva.4. As the planula elongates a second gradient opposite in direction to the primary gradient appears at the basal end of the larva and gradually extends toward the apical end. Soon after this gradient appears the planula of Phialidium and of Gonothyræa attaches itself by the original apical end and the second gradient becomes the hydranth-stem axis. Attachment of the planula of Stomotoca was not observed.5. The origin of this second polarity, opposite in direction to the first, is interpreted as a result of physiological isolation of the basal end of the planula in consequence of increase in length. From this viewpoint the hydranth-stem axis represents a process of budding not essentially different physiologically from other processes of budding in hydroids and various other forms." @default.
- W2526102017 created "2016-10-07" @default.
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- W2526102017 date "1925-01-01" @default.
- W2526102017 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2526102017 title "THE AXIAL GRADIENTS IN HYDROZOA VI. EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROIDS" @default.
- W2526102017 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1536590" @default.
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