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- W2527946861 abstract "Chemistry of natural organic products regards studies of molecular structural characters devoted to the identification of new molecular architectures and searching new compounds present in natural matrices characterized by biological useful activity. More recently, particular attention has been directed to phytochemical studies of plants, the so-called endemic species, growing in particular areas, characterized by narrow limits. The hypothesis is that a wide variety of climates, environmental, geological, geographical, and biological conditions has led to the diversification of species. Endemism is the condition of being restricted to a particular area with a prescribed extent and describes species that are native to a particular geographic territory, and usually occurs in areas that are in some way isolated. The term “endemism” derives from the medical language and it was used for the first time, referred to plants, in 1820 by De Candolle. It is possible to distinguish several categories of endemisms. In 1926 Herzog sets the differences between neoendemics and paleoendemics species. Favarger & Contandriopoulos in 1961 and Favarger in 1964 proposed a new classification based on the mode of genesis of the species: schizoendemism, apoendemism, patroendemism, and paleoendemism. Paleoendemism and patroendemism represent the conservative component of the flora of a territory while schizoendemism and apoendemism represent the innovating component of it. Like other Mediterranean-type ecosystems, the Mediterranean Basin has high levels of plant diversity and endemism. The floral diversity of the Mediterranean Basin is dramatic. Its 25,000 vascular plants species (13,000 endemic species) are more than four times the number found in all the rest of Europe. The Mediterranean region constitutes both a refuge area and one that encourages floral exchange and active plant speciation. Many of the endemic species are concentrated on islands, peninsulas, cliffs, and peaks. In this review, studies on the molecular pattern of endemic plants of restricted areals (Sardinia Island and Central Italy with Monti Sibillini National Park and Majella National Park) are reported, with particular attention toward plants containing active compounds and plants with an ethnopharmacologic history and tradition. These two areas were selected as representative sites of insular and peninsular areas of Italy." @default.
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- W2527946861 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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- W2527946861 title "Endemic Plants of Italy and Their Peculiar Molecular Pattern" @default.
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- W2527946861 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63749-9.00007-4" @default.
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