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• W2531015488 abstract "The goal of this study is to gain insight into cloud-radiative feedback mechanismsand what role three-dimensional radiative transfer effects play in the evolutionof convective clouds. The usually employed one-dimensional radiative transfersolvers neglect any horizontal energy transfer and thereby introduce considerableerrors in surface and atmospheric heating rates. While fully three-dimensional radiative transfer solvers exist, they are several orders of magnitude too slow. Inconclusion, so far, there is no straightforward solution that would solve the task athand — namely, compute accurate three-dimensional radiative heating rates in theatmosphere — fast enough to be coupled interactively to a cloud resolving model.This thesis presents a new method — the TenStream solver — that provides afast yet accurate approximation for three-dimensional heating rates. The TenStreamis furthermore integrated into the University of California, Los Angeles large-eddysimulation (UCLA-LES) cloud-resolving model. This setup allows to study the effects of three-dimensional radiative heating on the evolution of clouds.The TenStream method extends the well-known one-dimensional two-streamtheory to 10 streams. The new solver significantly reduces the root mean squareerror for atmospheric heating and surface heating rates when compared to traditionally employed one-dimensional solvers. In the case of a cumulus cloud fieldand the solar zenith angle being 60 ◦ , the error is reduced from 178 % to 31 %.Parallel scalability was a primary concern developing the TenStream solver. Thisthesis documents the overall performance of the solver as well as the technical challenges of migrating from 1-D schemes to 3-D schemes. To understand the performance characteristics of the TenStream solver, weak as well as strong-scalingexperiments are conducted. In this context, two matrix preconditioner are investigated: geometric algebraic multigrid preconditioning (GAMG) and block Jacobiincomplete LU (ILU) factorization and it is found that algebraic multigrid preconditioning performs well for complex scenes and highly parallelized simulations.The TenStream solver is tested on several state of the art super-computers for up to4096 cores and shows a parallel scaling efficiency of 80 % to 90 %.The central part of this thesis examines the influence of three-dimensional radiative transfer effects on the development of convective cumulus clouds. The influence is tested on short time scales of a single convective warm-bubble and overa longer period of time and a reasonably large domain for shallow cumulus clouds.The directionality of the direct solar beam introduces an asymmetry in the atmospheric heating of the convective motion and tilts the updraft. While a cloud’sshadow is always directly beneath itself in a one-dimensional radiative transfersolver. In contrast, the TenStream solver correctly displaces the shadowy region according to the sun’s zenith angle. The constant supply of warm and moist air dueto the local heating in the updraft region beneath the cloud, prolongs the cloud’slifetime by a factor of two and generally increases cloud development. The influence of three-dimensional heating on the evolution of clouds shows to be persistenteven in the presence of a horizontal wind.The results presented here motivate further research in the field of cloud-radiative feedbacks and their role in weather and climate prediction simulations." @default.
• W2531015488 created "2016-10-21" @default.
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• W2531015488 date "2016-08-02" @default.
• W2531015488 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2531015488 title "On the impact of three dimensionalradiative transfer on cloud evolution" @default.
• W2531015488 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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