FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2544939362> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2544939362 startingPage "217" @default.
• W2544939362 abstract "Multilateral Export Control Regimes comprise of four multilateral groupings, namely the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG), Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), the Australia Group (AG), and the Wassenaar Arrangement (WA). These groupings essentially function akin to trade cartels by seeking to control the supply of material, technology, and dual use items which can be used for manufacturing nuclear weapons in the case of the NSG; rocket systems and unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) in the case of the MTCR; chemical and biological weapons in the case of the Australia Group (AG); and conventional arms and dual use goods and technologies in the case of the Wassenaar Arrangement (WA).1India's relationship with the above multilateral export control regimes has witnessed a remarkable turnaround in recent years. From being the rationale behind the establishment of the NSG and the MTCR, India has joined the MTCR as a member, and its application for membership into the NSG is under discussion amongst the group's members. One of the drivers for this transformation has been the growing strategic partnership between the USA and India which, among other things, has resulted in the liberalisation of American export control regulations with respect to India. The extent of the policy shift towards India becomes apparent from the fact that, post 2009, only 0.3 percent of US exports to India require export licence from the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS). This is a substantial reduction from the close to 25 percent of US exports which required export licences in the year 2000.2The September 2001 terrorist attacks on the USA and the Bush administration's efforts to de-hyphenate its relations with India and Pakistan provided fresh impetus to American attempts at widening and deepening its bilateral relationship with India. The November 2001 joint statement by President George W. Bush and Prime Minister Vajpayee paved the way for the January 2004 Next Steps in Strategic Partnership (NSSP) wherein both countries agreed to expand cooperation in the areas of civilian nuclear cooperation, civilian space programs, and high technology trade.3 The 18 July 2005 joint statement by President George W. Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, which initiated the dialogue for an Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement, heralded American intention to overturn decades of non-proliferation policy and signalled US's resolve to mainstream India by making it a part of the global nuclear order.The July 2005 joint statement and the 2006 Hyde Act resulted in Indian commitment to harmonise its export control legislations, and adhere to the NSG and MTCR Guidelines.4 Fast forwarding a few years, India's act of formally submitting its membership application in mid-May 2016 and India's accession to the MTCR as the thirty-fifth member of the grouping on 27 June 2016 signalled that history had come full circle. This was because the NSG was established in 1975, essentially as a response to the May 1974 Indian peaceful nuclear explosion (PNE). Similarly, the public announcement in April 1987 about the establishment of the MTCR was motivated, inter alia, by India's satellite launch vehicle flight tests a few years earlier.5Why Export Control Regimes are ImportantThe multilateral export control regimes are important vehicles to control the supply of materials and technology in the domain that they operate. The largest of these groupings is the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) which has 48 members, with the European Union and the Zangger Committee as Observers. The stranglehold of the NSG on the export of nuclear materials and technologies, including dual-use items, can be gauged from the fact that its members control roughly 80 percent of global uranium reserves and close to 80 percent of the global uranium production.6The situation in the case of the other multilateral export control regimes is not very different. The MTCR's membership with India's accession to the group has grown to thirty-five members. …" @default.
• W2544939362 created "2016-11-04" @default.
• W2544939362 creator A5091712370 @default.
• W2544939362 date "2016-07-01" @default.
• W2544939362 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W2544939362 title "India’s entry into the NSG: A Long-winded Process" @default.
• W2544939362 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
• W2544939362 type Work @default.
• W2544939362 sameAs 2544939362 @default.
• W2544939362 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W2544939362 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2544939362 hasAuthorship W2544939362A5091712370 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C10138342 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C144133560 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C155202549 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C194110935 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C2778431023 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C538168058 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C58823610 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConcept C71750763 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C10138342 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C144133560 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C155202549 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C17744445 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C194110935 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C199539241 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C2778431023 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C538168058 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C58823610 @default.
• W2544939362 hasConceptScore W2544939362C71750763 @default.
• W2544939362 hasIssue "3" @default.
• W2544939362 hasLocation W25449393621 @default.
• W2544939362 hasOpenAccess W2544939362 @default.
• W2544939362 hasPrimaryLocation W25449393621 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W1481131233 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W1510377995 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2070828394 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2087362458 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W219477218 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2615284875 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W272569711 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2734094279 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2791548080 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2898500877 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2952607609 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W3163632649 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W3199666779 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W624839427 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W791045102 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W986730836 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W1535522648 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2186776378 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2252301866 @default.
• W2544939362 hasRelatedWork W2626134773 @default.
• W2544939362 hasVolume "11" @default.
• W2544939362 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2544939362 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2544939362 magId "2544939362" @default.
• W2544939362 workType "article" @default.