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• W2547493130 startingPage "362" @default.
• W2547493130 abstract "The manipulation of a turbulent axisymmetric jet is experimentally investigated based on two unsteady radial minijets. The Reynolds number is 8000. The mass flow rate ratio $C_{m}$ of the two minijets to that of the main jet and the ratio $f_{e}/f_{0}^{prime }$ of the excitation frequency $f_{e}$ to the preferred-mode frequency $f_{0}^{prime }$ in the natural jet are examined. The decay rate $K$ of the jet centreline mean velocity exhibits a strong dependence on $C_{m}$ and $f_{e}/f_{0}^{prime }$ and is classified into three distinct categories in terms of required $C_{m}$ , achievable enhancement in $K$ and flow physics involved. Great effort is made to understand the flow physics associated with the first category of the manipulated jet, under which $K$ can be immensely improved with a very small $C_{m}$ . Detailed measurements are conducted upstream and downstream of the nozzle exit using hot-wire, flow visualization and particle imaging velocimetry techniques. Whilst strong entrainment is predominant in the injection plane of the minijets, rapid spread occurs in the orthogonal non-injection plane. Three types of coherent structures are identified, i.e. the contorted ring vortex, two pairs of streamwise vortices and mushroom-like counter-rotating structures sequentially ‘tossed’ out radially in the non-injection plane. Their interactions account for the large rise in $K$ . The unsteady disturbance of the minijets is found to play a key role in the formation and interaction of these vortices, which are distinct from those formed under the manipulation of steady minijets and other techniques. A conceptual model of the flow structure under manipulation is proposed." @default.
• W2547493130 created "2016-11-11" @default.
• W2547493130 creator A5033726763 @default.
• W2547493130 creator A5057360259 @default.
• W2547493130 date "2016-11-02" @default.
• W2547493130 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2547493130 title "Axisymmetric jet manipulated using two unsteady minijets" @default.
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• W2547493130 doi "https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.634" @default.
• W2547493130 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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