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• W2549566712 abstract "Elongated spermatozoa are characterized by a head length higher than 5μm. Cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to elongated sperm heads are not known. An increased nuclear volume has been reported to be associated with sperm head abnormal elongation. The incidence of sex chromosome abnormalities is increased significantly in morphologically abnormal spermatozoa, particularly in the case of macronuclear spermatozoa. Whether anomalies of the chromosomal numerical content are responsible for the increased nuclear volume of elongated spermatozoa is questioned. The nuclear status of elongated spermatozoa was evaluated by ultrastructural and cytogenetic analyses. 14 men were retained on the criteria of at least 30% of spermatozoa with an elongated head in two consecutive routine semen analyses. Five fertile men were used as controls. Genito-urinary history, family infertility and personal habit were recorded. Biochemical markers of the epididymal, prostate and seminal vesicles function were assessed. Sperm morphology was analysed by a quantitative ultrastructural analysis. Men’s karyotypes were performed from peripheral blood. Chromosome Y microdeletion was investigated by sequence targeted site (STS)-PCR. Sperm chromosomal content was assessed by three colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (chromosomes X, Y, 18). Sperm aneuploidy rates were compared between patients and controls using the Mann-Witney statistical test. Differences were considered to be statistically significant when p was less than 0.05. As compared to the control group, semen parameters (median) of the patient group were ranged as follows: total sperm count (219 Mo ± 47 vs 67.1 Mo ± 106), percentage of progressive sperm cells (25% ± 10 vs 25% ± 15), sperm viability (66% ± 18 vs 72% ± 22) and percentage of normal spermatozoa (3.5% ± 3.5 vs 69% ± 5). The patients presented a “polymorphic teratozoospermia”, where a majority of spermatozoa display more than one type of abnormality. Elongated sperm head rates were ranged between 30% and 75% (median: 48.5%) in the patient group, and only between 0% and 2% in the control group. Quantitative ultrastructural analysis revealed the presence of nuclei of various sizes and shapes, including a mean of 13% of spermatozoa with an increased nuclear volume and a mean of 10% of binucleated sperm cells. Moreover, the chromatin was undercondensed in 30% (mean) of the spermatozoa. No anomalies of sperm biochemical markers were found in either group. All the men showed a normal karyotype (46,XY) and an absence of Y chromosome microdeletion. Aneuploidy rates of gonosomes and chromosome 18 were significantly higher in patients with elongated sperm heads (1.8 and 4.3 fold increase, respectively), as compared to the values of control sperms (p = 0.02 and p = 0.006, respectively). This study reveals for the first time that the chromatin compaction and the numerical chromosome content can be altered in spermatozoa with an elongated head and that elongated sperm nuclei could arise from meiotic non-disjunctions." @default.
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• W2549566712 date "2006-09-01" @default.
• W2549566712 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2549566712 title "P-984" @default.
• W2549566712 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1381" @default.
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