FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2550571215> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2550571215 endingPage "142" @default.
• W2550571215 startingPage "125" @default.
• W2550571215 abstract "‘Essentially separated in spite of all uniting factors’:Thomas Hardy and the Community of Letter Writers Karin Koehler (bio) In early nineteenth-century Britain, letters were paid for by the recipient, and they were so expensive that most of the country’s population could not afford them. The process of epistolary transmission and delivery was complicated and time-consuming, making the entire postal service slow and inefficient (see Daunton 7–8). For Rowland Hill, a schoolmaster with a strongly utilitarian ethos and reformist spirit, this state of affairs was untenable in an increasingly fast-paced and mobile world. In 1837, he published the pamphlet Post Office Reform: Its Importance and Practicability, arguing that the current postal arrangements prevented Britain from flourishing and that the nation would benefit if postal charges were reduced drastically, to no more than a single penny for any letter weighing under an ounce. In glowing terms, he wrote that the object of universal penny postage is not to increase the political power of this or that party, but to benefit all sects in politics and religion; and all classes from the highest to the lowest. To the rich, as to the less wealthy, it will be acceptable, from the increased facilities it will afford for their correspondence. To the middle classes it will bring relief from oppressive and irritating demands which they pay grudgingly.… And to the poor it will afford the means of communication with their distant friends and relatives, from which they are at present debarred.… A more popular measure could not be discovered. It would bring immediate, substantial, practical, indisputable relief to all. (Hill 66–68) On 10 January 1840, Britain witnessed the introduction of the penny post, a reform that significantly widened access to communication by letter, and that played an integral role in the gradual yet pervasive shift from oral tradition to written culture that reshaped the nation over the course of the nineteenth century. As Catherine J. Golden explains, with Hill’s reforms “the post became an inclusive network and public service, not just a privilege for the wealthy and noteworthy” (Golden 4).1 On 2 June 1840, then, Thomas Hardy [End Page 125] was born into a world where letter writing had ceased to be a privilege of the few—a world shaped by a reliable, accessible, and affordable postal service, which treated the letters of every single individual, even mps and the young queen herself, in the same manner (see Cleere 182). In the preface to Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), Hardy states that his fiction depicts “a modern Wessex of … the penny post.” In this “partly real, partly dream country,” characters from all ranks, of all ages, and all levels of education frequently and confidently write, send, receive, and read letters (Orel 9). Hardy’s first novel, the sensational Desperate Remedies (1871), features so many letters (as well as notes and telegrams) that Joe Fisher suggests that its plot effectively travels by post (Fisher 35). In Hardy’s final novel, Jude the Obscure (1895), the characters’ lives (and deaths) are still consistently punctuated by letters. The novel’s protagonists, Jude Fawley and Sue Bridehead, first enter into contact by means of a written note; another written document, Father Time’s suicide note, precipitates the breakdown of their relationship and the novel’s tragic conclusion. Commenting on the novel’s epigraph, Ariela Freedman remarks that “the words ‘the letter killeth’ play out in the logic of the narrative, in which events are triggered and culminate through the sending of letters” (Freedman 35). The prevalence of letters in Hardy’s novels has been frequently acknowledged and sometimes deplored as a manifestation of incompetent plotting. Crucially though, Hardy’s fictional letters—from Bathsheba Everdene’s ill-advised valentine in Far from the Madding Crowd, to Susan Henchard’s poorly sealed letter in The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), to the confession letter that famously disappears under a carpet in Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891)—are much more than just convenient, arbitrary, or gratuitous plot devices. In fact, they constitute a privileged space for the exploration of the complex relationship between personal, interpersonal, and collective experience, a site in..." @default.
• W2550571215 created "2016-11-30" @default.
• W2550571215 creator A5060795559 @default.
• W2550571215 date "2016-01-01" @default.
• W2550571215 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2550571215 title "‘Essentially separated in spite of all uniting factors’ Thomas Hardy and the Community" @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1489556174 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1497529522 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1511800071 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1528784858 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1532977510 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1548844626 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1549617605 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1608545238 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1616875560 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1965209657 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1998910932 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W1998957780 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2018977247 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2024578153 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2040616801 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2043493780 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2055921162 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2067595494 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2082725191 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2321826817 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2334768106 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W26900997 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2795729026 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2970003525 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W2971039744 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W3034932867 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W399395880 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W423367961 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W430333114 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W576300454 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W576304534 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W583259831 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W590657778 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W635890237 @default.
• W2550571215 cites W639443202 @default.
• W2550571215 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/vcr.2016.0013" @default.
• W2550571215 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
• W2550571215 type Work @default.
• W2550571215 sameAs 2550571215 @default.
• W2550571215 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W2550571215 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2550571215 hasAuthorship W2550571215A5060795559 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C11413529 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C121332964 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C149923435 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C163258240 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C2776932993 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C2781017355 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C2908647359 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C29595303 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C48103436 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C62520636 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C77805123 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C87374668 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConcept C95457728 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C11413529 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C121332964 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C144024400 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C149923435 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C15744967 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C163258240 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C17744445 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C199539241 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C2776932993 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C2781017355 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C2908647359 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C29595303 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C41008148 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C48103436 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C62520636 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C77805123 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C87374668 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C94625758 @default.
• W2550571215 hasConceptScore W2550571215C95457728 @default.
• W2550571215 hasIssue "1" @default.
• W2550571215 hasLocation W25505712151 @default.
• W2550571215 hasOpenAccess W2550571215 @default.
• W2550571215 hasPrimaryLocation W25505712151 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W2160166612 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W2414042198 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W2806043802 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W2893144875 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W2895125686 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W2991010537 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W3011047280 @default.
• W2550571215 hasRelatedWork W3013716306 @default.

• next