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- W2555130005 abstract "Runoff is one of the major causes of soil loss in the hilly areas of Italy. It is possible to successfully prevent the phenomenon by an adequate drainage of water in the agricultural areas, via the modeling of soil surface, and choosing the proper tillage and crop. The best soil management is selected by a deep knowledge of the chemical and physical properties of soil, of the topography and the land use. In order to study the problem in detail, a field experiment was carried out in the hillside next to Bologna, Italy (Ozzano dell'Emilia, 44°24'N, 11°28' E, 185 m a.s.l.) for a 17-year-long period (1992-2009). In this experiment the effect on runoff of field crops (maize, wheat, sorghum, alfalfa and rye-grass) and orchard (cherry trees), with different slopes and land modelling, was evaluated. The crops were cultivated with various field modeling, in 5 plots of 1000 m2 each (50m x 20m). The soil was sandy-loam and the tillage management was performed as in the common practice of the area. Precipitation was continuously measured by a meteorological station next to the plots and each plot was equipped with runoff ditches and measurement gauges. Results show that, between the multiannual crops, cherry trees orchard was always more efficient than alfalfa in minimizing runoff, and independently from slope. As an average of the entire period, the number of runoff events was the highest in the plots diagonally cultivated and was the lowest in the plot cultivated following the contour lines. The up-and-down modelling gave good results in controlling the runoff. A significant relationship was evidenced between the total amount of rainfall during the crop year (from October to September) and the mean number of runoff events, irrespectively of the crop." @default.
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- W2555130005 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W2555130005 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2555130005 title "Runoff in Cultivated Hilly Areas as Influenced by Crops and Land Management" @default.
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