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- W2555961534 abstract "Decontamination of Bacillus spores adhered to common drinking water infrastructure surfaces was evaluated using a variety of disinfectants. Corroded iron and cement-mortar lined iron represented the infrastructure surfaces, and were conditioned in a 23 m long, 15 cm diameter (75 ft long, 6 in diameter) pilot-scale drinking water distribution pipe system. Decontamination was evaluated using increased water velocity (flushing) alone at 0.5 m s-1 (1.7 ft s-1), as well as free chlorine (5 and 25 mg L-1), monochloramine (25 mg L-1), chlorine dioxide (5 and 25 mg L-1), ozone (2.0 mg L-1), peracetic acid 25 mg L-1) and acidified nitrite (0.1 mol L-1 at pH 2 and 3), all followed by flushing at 0.3 m s-1 (1 ft s-1). Flushing alone reduced the adhered spores by 0.5 and 2.0 log10 from iron and cement-mortar, respectively. Log10 reduction on corroded iron pipe wall coupons ranged from 1.0 to 2.9 at respective chlorine dioxide concentrations of 5 and 25 mg L-1, although spores were undetectable on the iron surface during disinfection at 25 mg L-1. Acidified nitrite (pH 2, 0.1 mol L-1) yielded no detectable spores on the iron surface during the flushing phase after disinfection. Chlorine dioxide was the best performing disinfectant with >3.0 log10 removal from cement-mortar at 5 and 25 mg L-1. The data show that free chlorine, monochloramine, ozone and chlorine dioxide followed by flushing can reduce adhered spores by > 3.0 log10 on cement-mortar." @default.
- W2555961534 created "2016-11-30" @default.
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- W2555961534 date "2017-02-01" @default.
- W2555961534 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2555961534 title "Decontamination of Bacillus spores adhered to iron and cement-mortar drinking water infrastructure in a model system using disinfectants" @default.
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- W2555961534 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.024" @default.
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