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- W2557350489 abstract "This study analyzes the interstate variations in the Indian child labor participation rates by sex residence and sectoral distribution and identifies the demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with economic activity rates of children. Data from the 1971 census were used analyzing information about children aged 0-14. The overall child labor participation rates are not uniform among the states varying from 2% in Kerala to 14.25% in Andhra Pradesh. Male participation is higher than that of females except in Nagaland Himachal Pradesh and Manipur. In rural areas the interstate differences in male child worker rates are much wider than female child worker rates; for males the rates range from 21.8% in Kerala to 20.72% in Andhra Pradesh but for females the rates are 1.82%-12.10%. In urban areas of all states except Kerala female activity rates are lower than for males and interstate differences in urban child activity rates are less pronounced for female children than for males. Some demographic determinants of child labor force participation are: 1) a higher child activity rate is associated with a younger age structure 2) child labor is both an antecedent and consequence of fertility decline in industrialized areas so where children are needed in agricultural work large families are desired 3) the percentage of dropouts was estimated at 46% of primary and 62% of middle stages of education and these children are more likely to join the labor force and 4) proportions of child workers is lower in urban than rural areas. The empirical relationship between child labor participation and various demographic and socioeconomic variables in 21 Indian states are explored. It is found that school enrollment is inversely associated with child labor participation per capita income degree of industrialization and child wage are negatively associated with child labor output but the agricultural sector and household industry bear a positive relation. Thus the states with high child activity rates are those with high economic activity rates and children usually participate along with their parents." @default.
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- W2557350489 date "1981-06-01" @default.
- W2557350489 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2557350489 title "Child labour participation in India: a state-wise census analysis" @default.
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