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- W2559572443 abstract "The resistivity of a ductile iron with 0.77% Cu, 0.5% Ni during austempering at 400 °C was measured to investigate the influence of austenitising temperature on the kinetics of phase transformation. The specimens were heat-treated in a vacuum furnace by passing through a direct current which was monitored and controlled with a personal computer to follow the heating and cooling scheme. Three temperatures, 950, 900 and 850 °C were used to austenitise the ductile iron matrix. After a holding period at the austenitising temperature, the specimens were quenched, with a liquid nitrogen spray, to 400 °C to conduct the isothermal transformation. During the isothermal transformation at 400 °C, the resistivity varied with time and clearly showed three sequences of transformation: stage 1; the process window; and stage 2; The changes of resistivity around the process window were related to the volume fraction of retained austenite which was measured by the X- ray diffraction technique. A model is then proposed to predict the volume fraction of retained austenite from the change of resistivity for austempering during the period of the process window. A further kinetics analysis demonstrates that the reaction of all three stages obey the Johnson-Mehl equation with average values of exponent n equal to 1.25, 1.07, and 1.48 respectively. It is also shown that increasing the austenitising temperature will reduce the reaction rate and suppress the start of the austempering reaction." @default.
- W2559572443 created "2016-12-08" @default.
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- W2559572443 date "1997-09-01" @default.
- W2559572443 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2559572443 title "The use of resistivity to investigate the effect of austenitising temperature on austempering of ductile iron in the upper ausferrite region" @default.
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- W2559572443 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.1997.11819226" @default.
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