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- W2559790809 abstract "Anisotropic metamaterials with hyperbolic dispersion can be used to design waveguides with unusual properties. We show that, in contrast to planar waveguides, geometric confinement leads to coupling of ordinary (forward) and extraordinary (backward) modes and formation of hybrid waveguided modes, which near the crossing point may exhibit slow, stopped or superluminal behavior accompanied by very strong group velocity dispersion. These modes can be used for designing stopped-light nanolasers for nanophotonic applications and dispersion-facilitated signal reshaping in telecom applications. Metamaterials are media with optical properties dependent on the architecture of their subwavelength-structure. Their geometry and, thus, optical properties can be tuned to enable unusual optical phenomena such as negative refraction, cloaking, and many others 1 . Among various metamaterial designs, uniaxial anisotropic metamaterials with an elliptic or hyperbolic dispersion of the electromagnetic waves attract especial interest due to their simple realization and advantageous optical properties for sensing, nonlinear optical applications and spontaneous emission control 2–5 . These metamaterials can be described within an effective medium description by a diagonal permittivity tensor with components e xx = e yy and e zz. This description is accurate if the size and distance between the nanostructures forming the metamaterial is much smaller than the wavelength and if the values of the effective permittivity components are not vanishing, where nonlocal effects occur 6 . Such metamaterials support two types of propagating waves, called ordinary and extraordinary waves. Ordinary waves have an electric field normal to the z axis. Therefore, for these waves the metamaterial has an effective permittivity e xx with a typical spheroid isofrequency surfaces. Extraordinary waves have a component of the electric field along the anisotropy axis (z-axis) and, therefore, they can have either a conventional elliptic dispersion for frequencies where both e xx and e zz have the same sign or a hyperbolic dispersion in the frequency range where e xx and e zz have opposite signs 5 . Such anisotropic metamaterials can be realized as plasmonic-dielectric multilayers with hyperbolic regime occurring for e xx = e yy 0 or plasmonic nanorod arrays in a dielectric matrix with hyperbolic dispersion condition e xx = e yy > 0 and e zz < 0. Such anisotropic metamaterials have recently been proposed to realise deep-subwavelength planar waveguides utilizing their peculiar hyperbolic dispersion 7–9 , providing a unique opportunity to guide bulk plasmon polaritons in the metamaterial slab 7 . These metamaterial-based waveguides exhibit unusual properties particularly in the case of hyperbolic dispersion where the propagating modes can be left-handed (backward waves) and highly confined 8–11 . While planar hyperbolic metamaterial waveguides (MWs) preserve the nature of ordinary and extraordinary modes of the infinite anisotropic metamaterial, in three-dimensional waveguides, mode confinement in 2 dimensions (2D) significantly modifies the behavior of waveguided modes of different polarizations." @default.
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- W2559790809 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W2559790809 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2559790809 title "Superluminal and stopped light due to mode coupling in confined hyperbolic metamaterial" @default.
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