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- W2561468502 abstract "Abstract Cities are home to the majority of humanity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that control urban climates has substantial societal importance to a variety of sectors, including public health and energy management. In this study, data from an urban sensor network (25 stations) and moderate-resolution remote sensing were used to explore how spatial variation in near-surface air temperature T a , vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and land surface temperature (LST) depend on local variations in urban land use, both diurnally and seasonally, in the Boston, Massachusetts, metropolitan area. Positive correlations were observed between the amount of local impervious surface area (ISA) and both T a and VPD. Heat-island effects peaked during the growing-season nighttime, when mean T a and VPD increased by up to 0.02°C and 0.008 kPa, respectively, per unit ISA. Air temperature and VPD were strongly coupled, but their relationship exhibited significant diurnal hysteresis during the growing season, with changes in VPD generally preceding changes in T a . Over 79% of the urban–rural difference in VPD was explained by differences in near-surface atmospheric water content, which the authors attribute to reduced evapotranspiration from lower canopy cover in Boston’s urban core. Changes in daytime heat-island intensity were mediated by seasonal feedbacks between vegetation transpiration and VPD forcing. Differences between LST and T a showed weaker coupling in highly urbanized areas than in rural areas, with summertime surface-urban-heat-island intensity (based on LST) being up to 14°C higher than corresponding urban–rural differences in T a ." @default.
- W2561468502 created "2017-01-06" @default.
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- W2561468502 date "2017-04-01" @default.
- W2561468502 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W2561468502 title "Gradients of Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity Controlled by Local Urban Land-Use Intensity in Boston" @default.
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- W2561468502 doi "https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0325.1" @default.
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