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• W2563998335 abstract "In their report, Pierce et al1Pierce K. Courchesne E. Bacon E. To screen or not to screen universally for autism is not the question: why the task force got it wrong.J Pediatr. 2016; 176: 182-194Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar argue for the early detection of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) among young children. Less than a century ago, in 1943, Leo Kanner published “Autistic disturbances of affective contact” and described the typical clinical presentation of the disorder.2Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact.Nervous Child. 1943; 2: 217-250Google Scholar Research on the biological aspects of autism initially was based on neuropathologic neuroimaging studies focusing on abnormalities in certain brain structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Also, genetic studies showed that the condition was familial, with a greater concordance between monozygotic vs dizygotic twins. Since then, there has been considerable progress in understanding the neurobiological and genetic aspects of autism. Functional magnetic resonance imaging mapping of neural circuits has propelled research from circumscribed anomalies of discrete brain regions to dysfunctions of neural networks that determine cognition and behavior.3Mevel K. Fransson P. The functional brain connectome of the child and autism spectrum disorders.Acta Paediatr. 2016; 105: 1025-1035Crossref Scopus (23) Google Scholar In addition, recent genetic research has shifted from a single-gene causation model to various biochemical pathways perturbation models.4An J.Y. Claudianos C. Genetic heterogeneity in autism: from single gene to a pathway perspective.Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016; 68: 442-453Crossref PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar In parallel, recent studies have shown that maternal or infantile atopic diseases are correlated with ASD, and the hypothesis that inflammation of the brain may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD is under investigation.5Theoharides T.C. Tsilioni I. Patel A.B. Doyle R. Atopic diseases and inflammation of the brain in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders.Transl Psychiatry. 2016; 6: e844Crossref PubMed Scopus (124) Google Scholar On the one hand these findings clarify biological aspects of autism and on the other hand support the concept of autistic spectrum and of a continuum from normal to pathologic behavior. This is reflected in the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, classification in which the term “autism spectrum disorder” comes to replace 4 previously separate disorders, which are now considered as expressions of the same disorder in different degrees of severity. The spectrum/continuum model, supported by findings that child functional characteristics seem to explain child and family outcomes better than the diagnosis itself,6Miller A. Shen J. Mâsse L.C. Child functional characteristics explain child and family outcomes better than diagnosis: population-based study of children with autism or other neurodevelopmental disorders/disabilities.Health Rep. 2016; 27: 9-18PubMed Google Scholar has paved the way for autistic behavior not being perceived as a nonmodifiable permanent disability. To the contrary, autism is a dynamic process demanding personalized interventions whose implementation should start as early as possible, most appropriately during infancy. To Screen or Not to Screen Universally for Autism is not the Question: Why the Task Force Got It WrongThe Journal of PediatricsVol. 176PreviewThere is widespread agreement across the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP),1,2 expert panels,3,4 parents, and autism advocacy organizations,5 as well as the US Department of Health and Human Services Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee6 that early identification and intervention for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a high public health priority and that universal early screening in pediatric populations is an essential tool for early ASD risk detection. The AAP guidelines to implement universal early screening for autism1 as standard of care is one of the most positive and successful public health policies ever created for children affected by autism. Full-Text PDF" @default.
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• W2563998335 date "2017-05-01" @default.
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• W2563998335 title "The necessity of early intervention in autism" @default.
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• W2563998335 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.030" @default.
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