Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2566677533> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2566677533 startingPage "1" @default.
- W2566677533 abstract "It was women's labor, productive and reproductive, that was being relied on as corporations cut their male workforces and national governments slashed their welfare budgets...The managers of the global economy are making use not just of women's labor, but also of feminist ideology(Esther Eisenstein, 1999, p. 15 & p. 17).Outsourcing is the policy that reformed the delivery of government services around the world since the 1970's. Since then, government outsourcing, or the process through which the state buys from private suppliers the works, goods and services it needs to fulfill its public mission, is on the rise mainly through legal reform worldwide. Although much attention has been given to the legal and institutional reform of government outsourcing worldwide, there is still no work that addresses the implications of the devolution of the state's responsibilities to private contractors on women's/gender issues. This special journal issue's aim is to initiate a conversation about government outsourcing policies and the ways which they reshape gender relations today from an interdisciplinary/transdisciplinary perspective.The outsourcing reforms were designed by a collaborative effort the General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT), which later became the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). According to Pomeranz, since 1961, one of OECD's major endeavors has been to review government policies to give prominence to the outsourcing of services when he notes, in late 1967, the OECD Secretariat was requested to prepare a text of 'guidelines' on government procurement (1982, p. 137). The European Free Trade Association ministries prepared working papers on this topic and 1969, the United States submitted a draft guideline text to the Working Party (ibid., p. 140). Debates on the proposed tendering regulations were then moved to the multinational trade negotiation at the GATT round and 1979 they turned into a code that had to be locally legalized. The new legal requirement on competitive tendering paved the way to New Public Management (henceforth NPM) principles worldwide.When Pal (2012) argued that the OECD had been the major driver of the NPM, he focused primarily on the way which one of its departments influenced the GATT 1979 negotiation where the government code was defined. The first signatories of the government code then agreed to a version that resulted from intense work at the OECD combining strategies for reforming public sectors (downsizing, flexibilization) with the regulation of government the form of outsourcing and competitive tendering. The long arm of the economic globalization that operated within countries' public sectors to reform the delivery of services relied on the Government Procurement Code (GPC), and the General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS). Hence, between 1987 and 1996 the World Bank supported downsizing programs no less than sixty-eight developing and transitional countries the context of its ubiquitous 'structural adjustment' loans (Nunberg, 1995; cf. McCourt, 2008). Since 1995, the year the GATS agreement was signed, several other transnational organizations joined the project including the European Union (henceforth EU). Each country interested allowing its exporters to compete over other governments' contracts had to translate the agreement into a local tendering law. These domestic laws were applied to the of commodities only. In 1995 the GATS forced governments to apply them to public services including water, electricity and transportation. But other services, gradually, were also reformed. In the areas of local municipalities, health, education and welfare services were opened up for competitive bidding. Today, there is no doubt that government outsourcing is one of the most important neoliberal reforms of the twentieth century globally. …" @default.
- W2566677533 created "2017-01-06" @default.
- W2566677533 creator A5001129091 @default.
- W2566677533 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W2566677533 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2566677533 title "Five Assessing Public Sector Reform Impacts on Domestic Violence Service Delivery" @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1007690204 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1490784792 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1505707640 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1509310665 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1510050649 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1513133905 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1519946864 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1528728589 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1532246357 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1566447476 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1575428415 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1878737129 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1982461302 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W1986024488 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2016977487 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2018418750 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2030304277 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2044406083 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2046362840 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2052854796 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2064752707 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2077588716 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2085781995 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2087899043 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2099795252 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2100177502 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2137935693 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2152177377 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2156259252 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2163699426 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2164437762 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2335606570 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2580407645 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W2903942208 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W3005483327 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W3088045784 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W561163844 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W562916381 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W564996143 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W585474539 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W597816422 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W620512384 @default.
- W2566677533 cites W655874666 @default.
- W2566677533 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
- W2566677533 type Work @default.
- W2566677533 sameAs 2566677533 @default.
- W2566677533 citedByCount "0" @default.
- W2566677533 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W2566677533 hasAuthorship W2566677533A5001129091 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C121426985 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C144133560 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C162853370 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C201650216 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C2778137410 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C3116431 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C46934059 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConcept C50522688 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C121426985 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C138885662 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C144133560 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C162324750 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C162853370 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C17744445 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C199539241 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C201650216 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C2778137410 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C3116431 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C41895202 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C46934059 @default.
- W2566677533 hasConceptScore W2566677533C50522688 @default.
- W2566677533 hasLocation W25666775331 @default.
- W2566677533 hasOpenAccess W2566677533 @default.
- W2566677533 hasPrimaryLocation W25666775331 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W1511195536 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2140726981 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2225013998 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2275774340 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2276469963 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2363078541 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2486066085 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2601164171 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W267043994 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W2768991169 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W28903078 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W293842946 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W3121845194 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W3123427970 @default.
- W2566677533 hasRelatedWork W3124855627 @default.