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- W2569026082 endingPage "576" @default.
- W2569026082 startingPage "567" @default.
- W2569026082 abstract "Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder responsible for 60-90% of thyrotoxicosis, with an incidence of 1 to 2 cases per 1000 population per year in England. Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation, not provoked directly by abnormal thyroid hormone levels, but by the consequence of the underlying autoimmune process. The aetiology of autoimmune disorders is due to an interplay between susceptibility genes and environmental factors, such as infections and stress. What triggers the autoimmune reaction to a specific site of the body is not yet clearly understood. The lack of knowledge in GD and GO pathogenesis implicates therapies that only limit damage but do not prevent disease onset.We performed on PubMed and the Cochrane Library a literature search for the articles published until July 2016 by using the search terms 'graves disease' and 'microbiome', 'orbitopathy' and 'autoimmune pathogenesis'. Reference lists of relevant studies were hand-searched for additional studies.In this scenario, a Marie Sklodowska-Curie funded project INDIGO ( http://www.indigo-iapp.eu/ ) is investigating the role of the gut bacteria in GD and GO pathogenesis. The gut is the first and the widest area of bacteria access, with the highest concentration of T cells in the human body and trained to react to microorganisms. Interestingly, all the environmental factors involved in GD and GO pathogenesis can alter the balance within the microorganisms located in the gut, and influence the immune system, in particular the proportions of regulatory Treg and inflammatory TH17 cells. It is hoped that investigating GD and GO pathogenesis from this novel aspect will identify new targets for prevention and treatment." @default.
- W2569026082 created "2017-01-13" @default.
- W2569026082 creator A5048900900 @default.
- W2569026082 creator A5087311245 @default.
- W2569026082 date "2017-01-07" @default.
- W2569026082 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2569026082 title "The thyroid, the eyes and the gut: a possible connection" @default.
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- W2569026082 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-016-0594-6" @default.
- W2569026082 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28063079" @default.
- W2569026082 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.