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- W2573941885 abstract "The two methods are similar in their use of the diffusion gradient measurement principle. For both, the measurement chamber is of cylindrical form, about the size of a thimble. Water vapour from the skin surface enters through the lower orifice, diffuses through the chamber and is removed at the upper end. The vapour flux is sensed by measuring the humidity gradient along the axis of the cylinder, in accordance with Fick’s first law of diffusion. The main difference between the two methods is how the water vapour is removed from the chambers. The open-chamber has an orifice that permits the water vapour to escape into the ambient air. This has the advantage of simplicity, but makes the measurement vulnerable to disturbance from ambient air movements. The condenser-chamber is closed to protect the diffusion zone from ambient disturbance and the water vapour is removed by freezing it to ice. Figure 2 illustrates the improvement in measurement quality achieved by protecting the diffusion zone from ambient disturbance. Open-chamber signals fluctuate significantly, even in well-controlled external environments, whereas condenser-chamber signals are unaffected. Another difference between the two methods is in their effect on the microclimate adjacent to the skin surface and this is discussed further below. Figure 4: Saturation limits of flux density. This is the evaporation flux you would measure from a pure water surface at skin temperature. This shows that still laboratory air can accommodate a higher skin surface evaporation rate than either of the two measurement chambers. That’s good for acclimatisation prior to TEWL measurement. The condenser-chamber has a higher saturation limit than the open-chamber, partly because of its lower diffusion resistance but mainly because of the low humidity generated by the condenser. The condenser-chamber method is also unique in providing controlled evaporation conditions independently of ambient humidity." @default.
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- W2573941885 date "2007-01-01" @default.
- W2573941885 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2573941885 title "Open-chamber and Condenser-chamber TEWL Methods: Mathematical Model and Experimental Comparisons" @default.
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