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• W257602626 abstract "INTRODUCTION Recently in the Albany Law Review, Professor Paul Lombardo described the origins of the Pioneer Fund, noting the Nazi sympathies of Wickliffe Preston Draper, its founder, and Harry H. Laughlin, its first president. (1) My own recent book--The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund--came to similar conclusions about Pioneer's early history and went on to document the role played by its key directors in opposing the civil rights movement on the basis of putatively scientific evidence of black intellectual inferiority. (2) In response, Professor J. Philippe Rushton, the new president of the fund, denied all these charges as based solely on the distortion of misleading pieces of evidence very selectively picked and the use of invective and name-calling. (3) Rushton accused me in particular of taking the low road and characterized my work as propagandistic. (4) Before offering my own reply to Rushton, let me first observe that I am pleased he has decided to air this issue in an academic journal. Even before reading my book--indeed, even before its publication--Rushton wrote to the executive editor at the University of Illinois Press and to the university president, with a copy to Pioneer's attorney, claiming, on the basis of the description on the Press web page, that I had defamed Pioneer, and suggesting that the Press withdraw or amend its advertisement. (5) This apparent attempt to exert legal pressure on my publisher was both disappointing and ironic since Rushton has justifiably complained about attempts to suppress his own academic freedom. (6) The fact that he has now chosen to engage in, rather than attempt to stifle, debate is to be commended. Although my book is filled with evidence--much of it from previously unexamined archives--amply demonstrating the truth of Pioneer's origin and agenda, I cannot, of course, reproduce the entire case in the limited space here. As a consequence, I shall confine myself to the major points raised in Rushton's article. I. THE VIEWS OF PIONEER DIRECTORS A. Wickliffe Preston Draper Rushton describes Pioneer's founders as [d]istinguished Americans, (7) who created a fund to support resolute, path-breaking scientists intrepidly working at the frontiers of knowledge in the study of human heredity. (8) Actually, Draper's attorney and fellow board member recounted in 1947 that Draper was ... concerned with research in human genetics since he felt that enough was known on the subject (9) and was more interested in doing something practical with the knowledge, such as moving the colored race to Liberia. (10) Consistent with this view Draper provided, during the 1930s, the finances for a campaign by Klansman Earnest Sevier Cox to repatriate blacks to Africa, an effort that Draper planned to resume after the war. (11) However, when a movement arose in the 1950s, not to repatriate blacks but to grant them long-deferred rights, Draper changed his priorities and poured millions of dollars into the segregationist cause (12)--most of this money going to scientifically-based attempts to keep blacks separate and unequal. (13) Harry Weyher, president of the Pioneer board, orchestrated these efforts, and John Bond Trevor Jr., another board member, participated in their planning and implementation. The two men together with Draper comprised the core of the organization. (14) In addition, Draper sent annual and very substantial personal gifts to numerous segregationist scientists as token[s] of ... appreciation of [their] scientific efforts during the past year. (15) Anatomy professor Wesley Critz George, for example, received a series of checks from Wickliffe Draper (16)--totaling tens of thousands of dollars adjusted for inflation (17)--after writing pamphlets encouraging defiance of the Brown decision because blacks were genetically inferior and would further[] the deterioration of our race and our civilization. …" @default.
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• W257602626 date "2003-06-22" @default.
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• W257602626 title "A Closer Look at the Pioneer Fund: Response to Rushton" @default.
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