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- W2580667621 abstract "A classical example of a switch task is a task in which both a digit and a letter are presented to subjects, and, depending on the condition, where they are asked either if the letter is a vowel or a consonant, or if the digit is odd or even (e.g., see Rogers & Monsell, 1995). This can be done in the so-called alternating runs design, where the task is alternated in blocks of for instance four trials. Every first trial of a block is called a switch trial, and is compared to the other trials within a block. Performance on these switch trials is usually significantly slower and more error-prone than on the non-switch trials (e.g., Monsell, 2003). One of the hypotheses why this phenomenon occurs is that subjects do not have enough time to prepare for the new task. However, if one increases the time between trials, only part of the switch cost disappears (Rogers & Monsell, 1995; Altmann, 2004). Thus it is not possible to completely prepare for a new task. Even when the subjects are cued and when they may decide themselves when the next trial starts, a residual switch cost remains. A subset of the switch paradigm is the level-repetition task (Hubner, 2000). In this task, the stimulus level on which the response has to be based is changed. In one of the conditions, subjects have to pay attention to the global level of the stimulus, in the other condition to the local level. For example, a stimulus can be a large letter made up of small ones, where the task is to identify the letter (Hubner, 2000). These conditions can be presented in the alternating runs design. Besides the same switch effects as previously described, an additional task-level effect is observed. The identification of the local stimuli takes longer than of the global stimuli. This is in accordance with the global precedence theory (Navon, 1977), which states that stimuli-levels are processed sequentially: global features become available before local features." @default.
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- W2580667621 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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- W2580667621 title "Memory-decay problems in a level-repetition switch task model" @default.
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