FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W25898884> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W25898884 startingPage "507" @default.
• W25898884 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION The United States Supreme Court decision in Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project (1) is part of a wider trend in counterterrorism that threatens to undermine the hard-won neutrality of humanitarian action--an essential characteristic and crucial tool for reaching populations in need of life-saving assistance. The agreement to preserve a space for neutral humanitarian action amounts to an agreement not to factor life-saving assistance into military strategies. Like most international humanitarian law (IHL), this is based on a mixture of humanitarian considerations and reciprocal self-interest. It is a principle, however, which regularly comes under attack. Only recently has the international community reached consensus that the potential military advantage of depriving one side of the means of survival does not outweigh the humanitarian imperative of relieving the suffering of war victims. Siege was a common military strategy for thousands of years, and blockades were still used until World War II. Since then, however, international humanitarian law has developed to a point where civilians must be allowed to receive life-saving relief, and the use of starvation as a method of war is an international crime. (2) Conversely, the potential advantages that humanitarian action can offer the efforts of one party also threaten to undermine the neutrality consensus. Aid has long been used as a stabilization tool, directed towards areas under control of the favored party and used to bolster the image of intervening states. There are international agreements--such as the Good Humanitarian Donorship Initiative and the European Union Consensus on Humanitarian Aid--that humanitarian assistance should be left out of these strategies. (3) Yet recent stabilization approaches not only integrate humanitarian action but often place it at the center of the plan. (4) The co-optation of humanitarian aid into the efforts of one side undermines both the reality and perception of its neutral character, exposing aid workers to attacks and outright denials of access, and leaving those in need in enemy-controlled areas to suffer without relief. The Holder decision and other recent developments in counterterrorism law attack humanitarian neutrality from both angles. With the material support statute upheld in Holder and similar measures undertaken by other countries that could criminalize the provision of humanitarian relief, we see a return to the siege mentality, where it is acceptable to deprive the civilians of the enemy of life-saving assistance in pursuit of conflict goals. At the same time, new obligations on organizations to report on activities or diversion of assistance seek to co-opt humanitarian actors into the efforts of one party, and in the process undermine their neutrality in the eyes of the other. The result is of course the same: people on one side of the conflict have no access to humanitarian relief. II. LEGAL FRAMEWORK The United Nations current counterterrorism regime is framed by Security Council Resolution 1373, passed on September 28, 2001. (5) Under this resolution, U.N. member states are required to refrain from providing any form of support to terrorist groups and individuals, and to implement a number of counterterrorism measures. Among these, states must ensure that none of their own funds are used to support terrorist activities. They must also criminalize a range of acts connected with terrorism, including not only carrying out terrorist acts, but providing resources or material support to terrorist groups. This language (material support) is reproduced in many national criminal laws, as well as in the EU Council Framework Decision, which introduces a common definition of terrorism and of acts which should be criminalized in EU member states. (6) Supplementing this are sanctions regimes. These regimes target particular actors considered a threat to international peace and security, such as those concerning Somalia, originally established by UN Security Council Resolution 733 of 1992, and concerning Afghanistan, based on UN Security Council Resolution 1267 of 1999. …" @default.
• W25898884 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W25898884 creator A5040743152 @default.
• W25898884 date "2011-09-22" @default.
• W25898884 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W25898884 title "Holder V. Humanitarian Law Project: Implications for Humanitarian Action: A View from Medecins Sans Frontieres" @default.
• W25898884 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
• W25898884 type Work @default.
• W25898884 sameAs 25898884 @default.
• W25898884 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W25898884 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W25898884 hasAuthorship W25898884A5040743152 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C2778573023 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C2779100428 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C2779581858 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C521897407 @default.
• W25898884 hasConcept C55447825 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C17744445 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C199539241 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C2778573023 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C2779100428 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C2779581858 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C521897407 @default.
• W25898884 hasConceptScore W25898884C55447825 @default.
• W25898884 hasIssue "3" @default.
• W25898884 hasLocation W258988841 @default.
• W25898884 hasOpenAccess W25898884 @default.
• W25898884 hasPrimaryLocation W258988841 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W1705031212 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W1981584482 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2060284007 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2108418737 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W215542070 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2170639060 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2332846525 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2464607365 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W266012777 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W276324127 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2805215252 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2946793832 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2983247405 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W3080171539 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W3122918486 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W3123768478 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W3124654583 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W38578476 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W2190524757 @default.
• W25898884 hasRelatedWork W3124944852 @default.
• W25898884 hasVolume "34" @default.
• W25898884 isParatext "false" @default.
• W25898884 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W25898884 magId "25898884" @default.
• W25898884 workType "article" @default.